国内外水生态健康评价研究进展  

Research progress of water ecological health assessment at home and abroad

作　　者：曹家乐 张亚辉[1,2] 张瑾 黄子晏 杜士林 孙福红[1] CAO Jiale;ZHANG Yahui;ZHANG Jin;HUANG Ziyan;DU Shilin;SUN Fuhong(State Key laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences;Environmental Analysis and Testing Laboratory,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences;College of Environment and Energy Engineering,Anhui Jianzhu University)

机构地区：[1]环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,中国环境科学研究院 [2]中国环境科学研究院环境检测与实验中心 [3]安徽建筑大学环境与能源工程学院

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2022年第5期1402-1410,共9页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3201001)。

摘　　要：我国《水污染防治行动计划》提出对江河湖泊实施水生态保护和水资源管理,在“十四五”期间开展流域、河湖的水生态健康评价方法研究,支撑我国由水质向水生态目标管理转变,同时也为我国水生态环境管理提供依据。通过梳理国外水生态健康评价体系的发展历程,着重介绍了预测模型法、生物完整性指数法等几种典型的评价体系和方法,并通过应用案例分析了评价体系的局限性;同时梳理了我国已经颁布的水生态健康相关的标准及规范,分析了我国本土流域的水生态健康评价方法及其优缺点;最后对我国水生态健康评价体系、管理准则和政策体系提出建议,以期为我国水生态健康评价的研究发展及实践应用提供借鉴和参考。China's Action Plan for Water Pollution Prevention and Control proposed to implement water ecological protection and water resource management in rivers and lakes.During the 14th Five-year Plan period,research on water ecological health evaluation methods of river basins,rivers and lakes should be carried out to support the transformation from water quality management to water ecological target in China,and provide basis for China's water ecological environment management needs.By combing the development process of water ecological health evaluation system abroad,several typical evaluation systems and methods such as prediction model method and biological integrity index method were mainly introduced and the limitations of the evaluation system through application cases were analyzed.The standards and norms related to water ecological health issued in China were combed,and the advantages and disadvantages of water ecological health evaluation methods in local watersheds in China were analyzed.Finally,some suggestions on China's water ecological health evaluation system,management criteria and policy system were put forward in order to provide reference for the research,development and practical application of water ecological health evaluation in China.

关 键 词：水生态健康 评价体系 生物完整性 标准规范 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X52