基于物联网的固定源大气污染物排放现场执法监管信息系统设计与应用  

Design and application of on-site law enforcement and supervision information system for air pollutants emission from stationary sources based on IoT

作　　者：刘柏音[1] 刘孝富[1] 孙启宏[1] 罗镭[1] LIU Baiyin;LIU Xiaofu;SUN Qihong;LUO Lei(Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2022年第5期1687-1694,共8页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0208206)。

摘　　要：固定源大气环境执法工作亟需依托智能执法系统实现对企业违法排污行为精准定位以及污染物排放浓度快速监测取证。针对现行大气环境执法系统重管理、轻取证的普遍功能缺陷,采用物联网理念,有机组合筛选多尺度大气监测技术,依托多元数据传输与融合技术,实现机载、车载、便携式监测设备数据与执法系统的实时通信,通过系统数据库与内嵌分析计算模型,解决大气排放异常区域识别、现场大气污染物浓度快速监测执法取证、暗查式执法取证、执法流程引导、违法识别与超标判定、远程执法指挥等信息化智能执法功能,形成新一代软硬件结合的固定源大气污染物排放现场执法监管系统。该执法系统在钢铁、重金属等行业进行了大气环境执法示范,通过监测传感器物联采样,现场发现了企业排污口超标、厂界大气浓度超标、排气口批建一致性违规等问题,提出处罚意见并备案,显著提高了环境执法工作的执法效率与精准度。It is urgent for the law enforcement of the air pollutants emissions from stationary sources to rely on an intelligent law enforcement system to accurately locate the illegal emission behavior of enterprises,and quickly monitor and obtain the pollutant emission concentrations as the evidence.Aiming at the common functional defects of the current air environment law enforcement system,known as"paying more attention to the management than the evidence",a new-generation intelligent law enforcement and supervision system with integrated hardware and software was put forward.The concept of IoT was adopted in the new system,combined with multi-scale air monitoring technologies.The ability of real-time data transmission between airborne,on-board,portable monitoring equipment and the law enforcement system was achieved,which relied on multiple data transmission and integration technology.Through a database with embedded analysis and calculation models,intelligent law enforcement functions were realized,such as identification of areas with air pollutants emission anomalies,rapid monitoring and evidence collection of on-site air pollutant concentrations,covert inspection and evidence collection,law enforcement process guidance,recognition of law and standard violations,remote command of the law enforcement,etc.Air environment law enforcement demonstration was carried out in iron and steel,heavy metals and other industries.Through IoT monitoring sensor sampling,multiple on-site violations were discovered,such as the exceeding of emission standards from outlets,excessive air pollutant concentrations at the factory boundary,and the inconsistency of approval and construction of exhaust outlets.Penalty opinions were put forward and filed for the record provided.This process significantly improved the efficiency and accuracy of environmental law enforcement.

关 键 词：系统平台 环境执法 大气污染源 物联网(IoT) 

分 类 号：X32[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X51