不同西瓜短蔓遗传资源的表型比较与等位性分析  

The Phenotypic Variations and Allelic Analysis of Different Dwarf Germplasm Resources in Watermelon(Citrullus lanatus)

作　　者：张敏娟 王登科 段世享 豆峻岭 杨森 刘东明 牛欢欢 朱华玉 胡建斌[1] 孙守如[1] 马长生[1] 杨路明[1] ZHANG Min-juan;WANG Deng-ke;DUAN Shi-xiang;DOU Jun-ling;YANG Sen;LIU Dong-ming;NIUHuan-huan;ZHU Hua-yu;HU Jian-bin;SUN Shou-ru;MA Chang-sheng;YANG Lu-ming(College of Horticulture,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学园艺学院,郑州450002

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2022年第5期1298-1309,共12页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32172602,32172574,32102389);河南省农业良种联合攻关项目(2022010503);河南省高校科技创新人才项目(21HASTIT038)。

摘　　要：近年来,设施栽培已成为我国西瓜栽培的主要方式之一,而矮生种质资源在设施栽培中具有广阔的应用前景。矮化是西瓜一个重要的株型农艺性状,它有利于高密度种植、机械化管理和病虫害防治,而且能减少人工整枝打杈,可有效降低生产成本,适应当前简约化栽培的需求。本试验前期收集到14份国内外西瓜短蔓种质,经多年连续自交获得纯合自交系,将这14份短蔓种质进行双列杂交,对这些种质及其杂交后代的株型相关农艺性状进行表型调查分析和等位性检测。结果表明14份种质可被分为两类短蔓自然突变体,Ⅰ类短蔓突变体d1、d2、d3、d6的短蔓性状由隐性基因Cldw1控制,Ⅱ类短蔓突变体的短蔓性状则由另一个隐性基因Cldf控制。两类短蔓突变体的杂交F_(1)为长蔓,Ⅰ类短蔓突变体d1和Ⅱ类短蔓突变体d5的F_(2)群体蔓型分离比为9∶3∶3∶1,进一步明确了两类短蔓突变体的株高性状分别由两对隐性单基因控制。本研究通过对不同西瓜短蔓种质株型的调查分析,丰富了对西瓜短蔓资源的认识,为西瓜短蔓新品种的培育奠定了良好基础。In recent years,facility cultivation in watermelon has become one of the main ways in China,and dwarf germplasm resources have broad application prospects for their unique advantages in facility cultivation.Dwarf is one important agronomic trait in modulating plant architecture,and dwarf watermelon varieties are adaptable for high-density planting,mechanizing management and pest control,which can effectively reduce costs and meet the current needs of simplified watermelon cultivation.In this study,14 dwarf germplasms,which were collected from domestic and foreign countries,were subjected for self-pollination with several generations to obtain homozygous inbred lines.Fourteen dwarf germplasms were subjected for diallel crosses,and their hybrid offspring were analyzed for plant architecture related agronomic traits.Based on allelic tests for 14 dwarf germplasms,two types(class-I and class-II)on the dwarf phenotype were observed.The dwarf trait in class-I mutants d1,d2,d3 and d6 was controlled by the same recessive gene Cldw1,while the dwarf trait in class-II mutants was controlled by another recessive gene Cldf.The F_(1) hybrid derived from inter-crosses between two classes were observed with long vine,and the segregation ratio of the vine type in F_(2) population d1 and d5 was 9∶3∶3∶1,thus confirming that the dwarf trait in two types of mutants were controlled by two different recessive genes.The analysis of different dwarf germplasm mutants in this study provided better understanding for watermelon dwarf resources,which has implication in breeding for new watermelon dwarf varieties.

关 键 词：西瓜 短蔓 等位性分析 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]