小麦TaGS2基因等位变异与粒重之间的关系分析  

Allelic Variation of The TaGS2 Gene is Associated with Kernel Weight in Chinese Bread Wheat

作　　者：王沙沙 裴星旭 黄超 汪庆昌[1] 陈锋 孙建国 晁岳恩[1] WANG Sha-sha;PEI Xing-xu;HUANG Chao;WANG Qing-chang;CHEN Feng;SUN Jian-guo;CHAO Yue-en(Wheat Research Institute,Henan Academy of Agricultural Science/Henan Province Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology,Zhengzhou 450002;Agronomy College,Henan Agricultural University/National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Corn Crop Science/Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops,Zhengzhou 450002;Puyang city soil fertilizer station,Henan Puyang 457000)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院小麦研究所/河南省小麦生物学重点实验室,郑州450002 [2]河南农业大学农学院/省部共建小麦玉米作物学国家重点实验室/河南省粮食作物协同创新中心,郑州450002 [3]濮阳市土壤肥料工作站,河南濮阳457000

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2022年第5期1438-1445,共8页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：河南省青年科学基金项目(202300410527)。

摘　　要：粒重是小麦产量构成三要素之一,而粒重与籽粒大小高度相关。因此,开展籽粒大小相关的研究对小麦高产育种具有重要意义。小麦TaGS2基因正调控籽粒大小和粒重。为进一步探索该基因等位变异情况,本研究利用黄淮海麦区268个小麦品种,根据TaGS2三个同源基因的基因组DNA序列设计特异引物,利用PCR扩增技术对其进行了鉴定。结果发现在部分品种中TaGS2-2B基因组序列第4外显子3002 bp位有“CTT”3个碱基的缺失,导致其编码蛋白第306位苯丙氨酸(F)缺失。分别将TaGS2-2B基因无和有“CTT”缺失的变异类型命名为TaGS2-2B-a和TaGS2-2B-b。不同基因型小麦品种的籽粒性状比较分析发现,TaGS2-2B-a基因型品种的千粒重、粒长、粒宽、籽粒面积和籽粒周长均显著高于TaGS2-2B-b基因型品种。本研究结果为小麦品种千粒重的提高提供了一种优良基因型信息。Kernel weight is one of the three elements contributing to the wheat yield,and kernel size is highly correlated with kernel weight.Therefore,the study of kernel size has a great significance to improve the wheat yield.The TaGS2 gene positively regulates kernel size and kernel weight in wheat.In order to further explore allelic variation of TaGS2 gene in wheat,specific primers were designed to amplify the genomic DNA sequence of three TaGS2 homoeologues and identify the polymorphisms in 12 samples of 268 wheat cultivars from the Huang-Huai-Hai wheat regions.A deletion of three nucleotides(CTT)at position 3002 bp in the fourth exon of TaGS2-2B genomic DNA sequence was detected in some cultivars,resulting in a deletion of one phenylalanine(F)at the 306 position.Both alleles without and with the 3 bp deletion was designated as TaGS2-2B-a and TaGS2-2B-b,respectively.In wheat cultivars carrying TaGS2-2B-a allele,thousand-kernel weight,kernel length,kernel width,kernel area,and kernel circumference were significantly higher than those of wheat cultivars harboring TaGS2-2B-b allele.Collectively,this study provided a relatively superior allele(TaGS2-2B-a)with positive effects in increasing kernel weight in wheat cultivars.

关 键 词：小麦 粒型 TaGS2 等位变异 粒重 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]