我国0~24月龄婴幼儿贫血现况与神经心理发育的关系研究  

Status of anemia and the association between anemia and neuropsychological development among infants aged 0-24 months in China

作　　者：杨慧敏[1] 李瑞莉[1] 王利红[1] 政晓果[1] 李林林 崔佳音 赵文华 杨振宇 张倩 徐韬[3] 王玉英 陈博文[1] YANG Hui-Min;LI Rui-Li;WANG Li-Hong(Capital Institute of Pediatrics,Beijing,100020,China)

机构地区：[1]首都儿科研究所,北京100020 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京100050 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心,北京100081

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2022年第17期3208-3212,共5页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：科技部基础资源调查专项课题(2017FY101106);首都儿科研究所所级基金项目(QN-2020-21)。

摘　　要：目的研究分析0~24月龄婴幼儿贫血对不同能区神经心理发育状况的影响。方法数据来源于“中国儿童心理发育数据分析及报告和图集制作”课题,共4903名0~24月龄婴幼儿及其家长纳入本研究。儿童及其家长的人口学特征由经过统一培训的调查员进行面对面调查。采用血红蛋白检测方法(Hemocue法)测定全血血红蛋白,儿童的神经心理发育水平由经过培训的儿童保健人员采用“儿心量表-Ⅱ”进行测查。结果0~24月龄婴幼儿血红蛋白水平是(116.96±13.15)g/L,贫血率为15.56%。在调整性别、月龄、民族、区域、喂养方式、母孕期情况和父母亲年龄、职业和文化程度等因素之后,贫血婴幼儿在精细动作(β值=-2.23,95%CI:-3.54~0.92)、语言(β值=-2.34,95%CI:-3.61~1.06)和全量表(β值=-1.31,95%CI:-2.17~0.46)的发育商得分显著低于非贫血儿童。在大运动、适应能力和社会行为3个能区,贫血婴幼儿低于非贫血儿童,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论0~24月龄婴幼儿贫血对于婴幼儿总发育商有一定的影响,并且主要表现在精细动作和语言两个能区上。Objective To explore the influence of anemia on neuropsychological development of different functional areas among infants aged 0-24 months in China.Methods 4903 infants aged 0-24 months and their parents were recruited in this study.The parental and child characteristics were obtained by interview-administrated questionnaires.Blood hemoglobin concentration was determined by Hemocue method.Neuropsychological development quotients,including full-scale,gross motor,fine motor,adaptive behavior,language,and personal-social behavior were assessed using"CDSC".Multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the effect of anemia on neuropsychological developmentof different functional areas.Results The hemoglobin level was(116.96±13.15)g/L and the overall anemia prevalence was 15.56%among the participants.After adjusting the confounding factors(sex,age,ethnicity,region,feeding pattern,maternal status during pregnancy and parental age,occupation and education),the anemia infants’developmental quotients of full-scale,fine motor and language were significantly lower than non-anemic infants(full-scale:-1.31,95%CI:-2.17-0.46;fine motor:-2.23,95%CI:-3.54-0.92;language:-2.34,95%CI:-3.61-1.06),but no difference between anemia and non-anemic infants in developmental quotients of gross motor,adaptive behavior and personal-social behavior.Conclusion Anemia has a certain influence on the overall developmental quotient level of infants aged 0-24 months,which is mainly manifested in developmental quotients of fine motor and language.

关 键 词：婴幼儿 贫血 神经心理 发育商 

分 类 号：R722[医药卫生—儿科]