论纺织在中国原始及奴隶社会生活中的地位和作用  

Study on the status and role of textiles in the life of the primitive society and the slave society in China

作　　者：饶崛 徐卫林[2] RAO Jue;XU Weilin(School of Textile Science and Engineering,Wuhan Textile University,Wuhan 430200,China;State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies,Wuhan Textile University,Wuhan 430200,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉纺织大学纺织科学与工程学院,武汉430073 [2]武汉纺织大学纺织新材料与先进加工技术国家重点实验室,武汉430073

出　　处：《丝绸》2022年第9期130-136,共7页Journal of Silk

基　　金：湖北省社会科学基金一般项目(2020084)。

摘　　要：本文以绳的利用、新石器时代考古发掘原始纺纱工具纺轮的统计及《周礼》《尚书》《史记》等反映中国原始及奴隶社会生活的相关著作、文献为基点,分析纺织在中国原始及奴隶社会生产、生活中的地位及作用。结果表明,纺织在原始及奴隶社会对于火的获得、复合工具的开发利用、陶器制作、文字记录、国家赋税、商品交换、原始崇拜等方面都起到了积极的贡献作用,是原始先进生产力的代表。原始及奴隶社会时期的纺织为后期中国纺织业的发展提供了基本框架及路径,为人类生活的稳定、产业的繁荣打下了良好的基础。The textile industry plays an important role in the history of the world.In China,especially in primitive and ancient society,it was not only the guarantee of people’s abundant food and clothing,but also the premise and foundation of national prosperity.It represented the level of scientific and technological progress at that time,affected the social system and innovation,and played a huge role in the process of human civilization.Some scholars have proposed to explore the textile as one of the elements of human civilization,which illustrates its important value.However,there are few studies about the specific economic and cultural values of textiles in the primitive society and the slave society.Therefore,the study of the textile industry in the primitive society and slave society of China will not only help us to clarify the contributions of our ancestors to the textile industry and Chinese civilization from the source,but also help to enhance the confidence of China’s textile culture and further improve the status of the textile industry.Based on the utilization of ropes,the statistics of the spinning wheels of the original spinning tools excavated in the Neolithic Age,and the relevant works and documents reflecting the life of China’s primitive and slave society,such as The Rites of Zhou,The Book of History and Historical Records,this paper analyzes the status and role of textiles in the production and life of China’s primitive and slave societies.Two important conclusions are drawn as follows:ⅰ)Textiles,as an inseparable part of human life in the primitive and the slave society,played a positive role in the acquisition of fire,the development and utilization of composite tools,pottery making,written records,national taxes,commodity exchange and primitive worship,and were the representative of advanced productive forces of the primitive society.ⅱ)While meeting the practicality,the textile technology also highlights the science and technology,and presents the cultural and national characteristics.T

关 键 词：中国 原始社会 奴隶社会 纺织 生活 地位 作用 

分 类 号：K875.2[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]