P波、S波扰动下逆冲断层卸载滑移实验研究  

Experiment study of thrust fault rupture with unloading effect under P-wave and S-wave disturbance

作　　者：张宁博 单仁亮[1] 赵善坤[2,3,4] 郭彦双 王寅[2,3,4] 赵阳[2,3,4] ZHANG Ningo;SHAN Renliang;ZHAO Shankun;GUO Yanshuang;WANG Yin;ZHAO Yang(School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering,China University of Ming and Technology.Beiig,Beijing 100083,China;Mine Safety Technology Branch,China Coal Research Institute,Beijing 100013,China;State Key Laboratory of Coal Mining and Clean Utilization(China Coal Research Institute),Beijing 100013,China;Beijing Mine Safety Engineering Technology Research Center,Beijing 100013,China;Institute of Geology,China Earthquake Administration,Bejing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)力学与建筑工程学院,北京100083 [2]煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司安全分院,北京100013 [3]煤炭资源高效开采与洁净利用国家重点实验室(煤炭科学研究总院),北京100013 [4]北京市煤矿安全工程技术研究中心,北京100013 [5]中国地震局地质研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《采矿与安全工程学报》2022年第4期693-701,共9页Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering

基　　金：天地科技股份有限公司科技创新创业资金专项项目(2019-TD-QN017);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0804203);煤炭科学技术研究院科技发展基金项目(2019-CX-Ⅱ-12)。

摘　　要：基于P波、S波扰动条件下逆冲断层卸载实验,研究了逆冲断层滑移过程中差应力、位移场、变形场和声信号的演化特征,提出了断层滑移的截齿“爬坡”模型,分析了P波、S波的扰动机制。研究结果表明:P波、S波对断层滑移的扰动效应不同。应力波扰动引起断层滑移时的差应力“突变”次数增加,且P波引起“突变”次数大于S波;P波扰动时断层各测点位移“突变”现象明显,而S波则引起测点位移的震荡;S波扰动引起剪切应变“突变”量略大于P波,S波对法向应变扰动影响大于剪切应变;主滑移声信号包含启滑、主震、尾波3个部分;断层面可视为上下盘无数微小截齿的相互咬合,断层滑移是微截齿从一个齿缝爬到邻近齿缝的过程;P波主要对法向应力和摩擦系数产生影响,而S波主要对剪切应力形成扰动。Based on the unloading experiment of thrust fault rupture under P-wave and S-wave disturbance, the evolution characteristics of differential stress, displacement field, deformation field and AE in the process of thrust fault slippage have been studied, and the “climbing slope” model of fault slip and the disturbance mechanism of P-wave and S-wave have been proposed and analyzed. Results have shown that: different types of stress waves have different disturbance effects on fault slip;“spurts” of differential stress and strain increase when P-wave and S-wave disturb the fault, and “spurts” induced by P-wave are more than by S-wave. P-wave disturbances can cause obvious displacement “abrupt change” of measuring points on the fault, while the S-wave induces the vibration of displacement. When disturbed by S-wave, the duration of event I, coda wave is little longer and the duration of event III is slightly shorter than P-wave. The main seismic signal of the fault consists of three stages which are open slip, main shock and coda wave. The fault interface can be regarded as a combination of numerous inter-biting micro-cutting-teeth and the fault slip, which includes main shock(consists of incubation, sliding initiation, sliding continuation and stopping) and aftershock which is the process of micro-cutting-teeth crawling from one tooth gap to the adjacent tooth gap. P-wave and S-wave have obvious differences in the disturbance mechanism of fault slip, in which P-wave mainly affects the normal stress and friction coefficient, while S-wave mainly disturbs the shear stress.

关 键 词：应力波扰动 逆冲断层 断层滑移模型 P波 S波 

分 类 号：TD324[矿业工程—矿井建设]