基于无人机数据的DEM精度与地形特征关系分析  

Analysis on the Relationship between DEM Accuracy and TerrainFeature Based on UAV Data

作　　者：侯树宏 李家龙 柳昭琰 杨斌 张仲杰 刘江斌 何维胜 HOU Shuhong;LI Jialong;LIU Zhaoyan;YANG Bin;ZHANG Zhongjie;LIU Jiangbin;HE Weisheng(Yangchangwan Coal Mine,Ningxia Coal Industry Company,National Energy Group,Yinchuan 750004,China;Ertok Qianqi Great Wall No.5 Mining Co.,Ltd.,Ordos 017000,China;School of Environment and Spatial Informatics,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration Institute,Yinchuan 750004,China)

机构地区：[1]国家能源集团宁夏煤业公司羊场湾煤矿,宁夏银川750004 [2]鄂托克前旗长城五号矿业有限公司,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017000 [3]中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院,江苏徐州221116 [4]宁夏回族自治区地球物理地球化学勘查院,宁夏银川750004

出　　处：《测绘与空间地理信息》2022年第9期65-68,72,共5页Geomatics & Spatial Information Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金—宁夏重点研发计划(2020BFG0300)资助。

摘　　要：无人机航测已经成为当前获取DEM的主要方法,针对目前DEM评价指标单一的问题,本文提出了一种基于地形特征点检测的无人机DEM评价方法,根据研究区地形特点,分别提取参考DEM与无人机DEM的山顶点与鞍部点数据,获得同名地形特征点间的水平变化与高程变化,引入坡度与分辨率两个因素进行分析,研究证明特征点的空间位置变化同坡度与分辨率均存在线性关系。当坡度越大或者分辨率越低时,地形特征点的空间位置变化越明显,且水平变化比高程变化更明显。利用多期DEM数据进行对比与验证,地形特征点的空间位置随地形特征的变化趋势较为明显,说明该方法可以用于DEM精度评价,有利于丰富DEM评价指标和内容,加快我国测绘行业智慧化进程。UAV aerial photography has become the main method to obtain DEM.Aiming at the problem of single and incomplete DEM evaluation index,this paper proposes a UAV DEM evaluation method based on the detection of terrain feature points.According to the terrain characteristics of the study area,the hilltop points and saddle points of reference DEM and UAV DEM are extracted respectively to obtain the horizontal and elevation changes between the corresponding terrain feature points,two factors,slope and resolution,are introduced to analyze.It is proved that there is a linear relationship between the spatial position of feature points and slope and resolution.When the slope is larger or the resolution is lower,the change of the spatial position of the terrain feature points is more obvious.In the same case,the horizontal change is more obvious than the elevation change.Compared with multi-period DEM data,the change trend of spatial position of terrain feature points with terrain features is obvious,which shows that this method can be used for DEM accuracy evaluation,which is conducive to improving and enriching DEM evaluation index and contents,and speeding up the intelligent process of China′s surveying and mapping industry.

关 键 词：数字高程模型 地形特征点 空间分析 DEM分辨率 DEM坡度 

分 类 号：P209[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]