基于农艺和品质性状的宛艾种质综合评价  

Comprehensive Evaluation of Wan Artemisia argyi Germplasm Based on Morphological traits and Quality traits

作　　者：许兰杰[1] 梁慧珍[1] 余永亮[1] 杨青 李磊 安素妨 杨红旗[1] 谭政委 李春明[1] 董薇[1] 鲁丹丹 XU Lanjie;LIANG Huizhen;YU Yongliang;YANG Qing;LI Lei;AN Sufang;YANG Hongqi;TAN Zhengwei;LI Chunming;DONG Wei;LU Dandan(Sesame Research Center,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院芝麻研究中心,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2022年第8期55-63,共9页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(222102110466);河南省农业科学院自主创新项目(2022ZC64);国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目;河南省中央引导地方科技发展专项自由探索类项目(YDZX20214100001804)。

摘　　要：采用科学合理的方法综合评价宛艾种质并筛选优异性状材料,为宛艾新品种的选育提供亲本材料及技术支撑。以30个来源于南阳市的宛艾种质为试验材料,采用Shannon-weaver遗传多样性指数、隶属函数法、相关性分析、主成分分析、聚类分析对其农艺和品质性状进行综合评价。结果表明,宛艾种质具有较高的遗传多样性,不同性状的遗传多样性指数为0.53~1.58,变异系数为16.95%~160.71%。相关分析表明,多数农艺性状间存在显著或极显著相关,部分品质性状之间存在显著相关性,但农艺性状与品质性状间相关性较差。主成分分析将15个性状转换成5个综合因子,累积贡献率为85.12%,第1、2、4主成分主要反映农艺性状信息,第5个主成分主要反映品质性状信息,第3个主成分主要反映农艺性状和品质性状信息。基于离差平方和法将30个宛艾种质在欧式距离14.0处聚为三类,第一类为优质型,包含8个种质;第二类为丰产型,包含8个种质;第三类种质性状介于第一类和第二类之间。基于隶属函数法对宛艾种质进行综合评价,筛选出产量和品质综合表现优异的5个种质,可为宛艾新品种选育提供亲本材料支撑。Scientific and reasonable methods were used to comprehensively evaluate and screen excellent germplasms of Wan A.argyi,so as to provide parental materials and technical support for the breeding of new varieties of Wan A.argyi.Thirty Wan A.argyi germplasms from Nanyang City were used as experimental materials to comprehensively evaluate their agronomic and quality traits by Shannon-weaver diversity index,membership function method,correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis.The results showed that Wan A.argyi germplasms had high genetic diversity,the diversity index of different traits was 0.53—1.58,and the coefficient of variation was 16.95%—160.71%.Correlation analysis showed that most agronomic traits had significant or extremely significant correlations,and some quality traits had significant correlations,but the correlations between agronomic traits and quality traits were poor.Principal component analysis converted 15 traits into 5 comprehensive factors,with a cumulative contribution rate of 85.12%.The first,second and fourth principal components mainly reflected agronomic traits,the fifth principal component mainly reflected quality traits,and the third principal component mainly reflected agronomic traits and quality traits.Based on the square sum of deviation method,the 30 Wan A.argyi germplasms were clustered into three categories at the Euclidean distance of 14.0.The first category was high-quality type and included 8 germplasms;the second category was high-yield type,which contained 8 germplasms;the traits of germplasms of the third category were between the first and the second categories.Based on the membership function method,5germplasms with excellent comprehensive performance in terms of yield and quality were screened out,which could provide parental material support for the breeding of new varieties of Wan A.argyi.

关 键 词：宛艾 农艺性状 品质性状 综合评价 优异种质 

分 类 号：S567.23[农业科学—中草药栽培]