负载工况水轮机变速运行仿真研究  

Simulation study of variable speed hydraulic turbine operation in load adjusting conditions

作　　者：寇攀高 朱光明 KOU Pangao;ZHU Guangming(Hunan Electric Power Company Science Research Institute,Changsha 410007,China;Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Efficient&Clean Power Generation Technology,Changsha 410007,China)

机构地区：[1]国网湖南省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,长沙410007 [2]高效清洁发电技术湖南省重点实验室,长沙410007

出　　处：《水力发电学报》2022年第9期87-97,共11页Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering

基　　金：国网湖南省电力有限公司科技项目(5216A521003G)。

摘　　要：针对变速水电机组调节控制的研究需求,本文在研究可变速水轮机调速控制系统动态模型和控制策略的基础上,搭建了可变速水电机组的MATLAB/Simulink仿真平台,开展了变速水轮机组大幅度增/减负荷动态过程仿真,分析了电液随动系统接力器动作速度限制、电液随动系统滞后时间对变速机组减负荷过程的影响。仿真研究表明:(1)本文提出的基于接力器行程误差、转速误差的双闭环PID控制器能够同时实现水轮机转速、导叶开度的无差调节;(2)变速机组大幅度减负荷过程对水轮机而言相当于常规水电机组的甩负荷过程,伴随着转速、水压过高/低的情况;(3)电液随动系统滞后时间、动作速度对变速水轮机负载工况下转速、接力器行程、水轮机水压、单位参数的动态响应过程影响显著,限制了负载工况一次调频、负荷调节的幅度。Aimed at the research demand for variable speed hydropower unit control,this paper develops a numerical simulation model based on MATLAB/Simulink,focusing on the dynamic modeling and control strategy of the governor system of variable speed hydraulic turbines.We simulate the sudden loading and large load rejecting processes,considering the speed limitation and lag time of servomotor motion in the simulation of load rejecting,and examine their effects on the dynamic response of variable speed hydraulic turbines.Results show that(1)our newly-developed double PID control strategy,through considering speed errors and guide vane errors,can control isochronously the turbine speed and guide vane opening in steady state.(2)The load rejecting in operation of a variable hydraulic unit is similar to the case of a conventional fixed speed unit,resulting in excessive rise or fall of turbine speed and pressure.(3)During load adjusting,the speed limitation and lag time of servomotor motion have significant effects on the dynamic response of system variables,such as turbine speed,servomotor motion,pressure,and other unit parameters,thus limiting the amplitudes of primary frequency regulation and load regulation.

关 键 词：变速机组 变速调速器 最佳效率跟踪 水压上升率 转速上升率 

分 类 号：TK730.4[交通运输工程—轮机工程]