颌骨临界缺损动物模型在颌骨缺损修复中的应用  

Animal models of jaw critical-sized defect in jaw defect repair

作　　者：王悦 张晓燕 李云龙 梅双 李向军[1] Wang Yue;Zhang Xiaoyan;Li Yunlong;Mei Shuang;Li Xiangjun(Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology,Hebei Provincial Clinical Research Canter for Oral Diseases,School and Hospital of Stomatology,Hebei Medical University,Shijiazhuang 050017,Hebei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]河北医科大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,河北医科大学口腔医院口腔颌面外科,河北省口腔医学重点实验室,河北省口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,河北省石家庄市050017

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2023年第14期2249-2256,共8页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：河北省科技厅重点研发计划项目(21377719D),项目负责人:李向军;河北省政府资助省级医学优秀人才项目(361029),项目负责人:李向军。

摘　　要：背景:颌骨缺损修复一直是口腔颌面外科具有挑战性的难题之一。人工骨材料逐渐取代自体骨及同种异体骨成为颌骨缺损修复的研究热点。为评价人工骨材料作为颌骨缺损修复替代物的发展前景,有必要建立可重复且有效的颌骨缺损动物模型,但目前尚无统一的理想实验动物颌骨缺损模型能完美地模拟人类颌骨结构和力学特征。目的:从建立模型的动物种类及其优缺点、建模动物年龄的选择、实验动物颌骨临界缺损大小的选择、手术入路及手术部位的选择、建模后实验检测方法等方面对颌骨缺损动物模型进行综述。方法:检索CNKI和Pub Med等中英文数据库,中文检索词为“颌骨、下颌骨、临界大小缺损、动物模型”,英文检索词为“jaw、mandibular、critical-sized defect、animal model”。纳入与颌骨缺损及其动物模型的实验研究及进展情况相关性高的68篇文献进行归纳总结。结果与结论:(1)建立理想颌骨缺损动物模型并确立颌骨临界大小缺损对于颌骨缺损的修复机制或验证生物材料对骨缺损的修复效果具有重要作用。(2)统计发现大鼠、犬、猪的下颌骨已建立合理临界缺损动物模型,目前国内外关于兔颌骨节段性和非节段性缺损模型的临界大小缺损尚未达成共识。使用羊或灵长类动物作为颌骨缺损动物模型的研究很少,以往研究中建立的模型可为羊或灵长类动物颌骨临界大小缺损的确立提供一定的理论基础。(3)提示对于不同物种的颌骨缺损动物模型的规范化建立以及确立颌骨临界大小缺损用于颌骨缺损修复的机制和应用尚待深入研究。BACKGROUND:Jaw defect repair has always been one of the challenges in oral and maxillofacial surgery.Artificial bone materials have gradually re placed autologous bone and allogeneic bone as a research hotspot for jaw defect repair.In order to evaluate the development prospect of a rtificial bone materials as an alternative to jaw defect repair,it is necessary to establish a reproducible and effective animal model of jaw defect,but there is no unified ideal expe rimental animal model of jaw defect that can perfectly simulate the structure and mechanical characteristics of the human jaw.OBJECTIVE:To review the animal models of mandibular defects from the following aspects:animal species,ages of model animals,size of mandibular criticalsized defects,surgical approaches and sites,and expe rimental detection methods after modeling.METHODS:PubMed and CNKI databases were searched for relevant documents.The keywords were "jaw,mandibula r,critical-sized defect,animal model" in English and Chinese,respectively.A total of 68 articles highly correlated with expe rimental research and development of mandibular defects and animal models were included and summarized.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Establishing an ideal animal model of jaw defect with determination of critical-sized defect is important to explore the repair mechanism of jaw defect or ve rify the repair effect of biomaterials on bone defect.Reasonable jaw critical-sized defect models have been established in rats,dogs,and pigs.However,there is no consensus on the critical size of segmental and non-segmental defects of the rabbit mandible wo rldwide.Less is repo rted on the use of sheep or primate models of jaw defect.The models established in previous studies can provide a ce rtain theoretical basis for the establishment of jaw critical-sized defect models in sheep or primates.Therefore,the standardization of animal models of jaw defects in different species and the determination of jaw critical-sized defects for research on the mechanism and application of jaw defect re

关 键 词：颌骨 下颌骨 临界大小缺损 动物模型 研究进展 综述 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R318[医药卫生—临床医学] R782