以护士为主导的门诊近视教育模式在儿童青少年近视防控中的应用效果  

Effect of nurse-led outpatient myopia education model in prevention and control of myopia in children and adolescents

作　　者：陆立新[1] 唐丹[1] 吕岫薇 王丽[1] 陈丽云[1] Lu Lixin;Tang Dan;Lyu Xiuwei;Wang Li;Chen Liyun(Department of Ophthalmology,Beijing Tongren Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100730,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院眼科,北京100730

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2022年第24期3316-3320,共5页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：中华医学会杂志社2021—2022年护理学科研究课题(CMAPH-NRD2021068)。

摘　　要：目的探讨以护士为主导的门诊近视教育模式在儿童青少年近视防控中的应用效果。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2021年7—9月于北京同仁医院眼科门诊就诊的患儿及其家长作为研究对象,按照患儿就诊日期将其分为对照组和试验组,每组各272例患儿及其272名家长。试验组对象采用以护士为主导的门诊近视教育模式进行管理,对照组采用常规的就诊模式。比较干预前后两组患儿家长的近视相关知识水平、用眼习惯知识水平、依从性以及两组患儿的用眼行为评分。每组分别选取性别、年龄相匹配的128例患儿,以右眼为研究眼,观察基线和半年后的屈光度及眼轴发展变化。结果干预6个月后,试验组家长的近视相关知识、用眼习惯知识以及防控方法的依从性指标评分、患儿的用眼行为评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组患儿等效球镜增加-0.13(-0.34,0.13)D、眼轴增长0.16(0.09,0.24)mm,对照组分别为-0.25(-0.50,-0.25)D、0.23(0.18,0.26)mm,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论以护士为主导的门诊近视教育模式应用于儿童青少年近视防控中,可以有效提高家长的近视防控认知水平,改善儿童青少年的用眼行为,对延缓近视发展有良好效果。Objective To explore the effect of nurse-led outpatient myopia education model in the prevention and control of myopia in children and adolescents.Methods From July to September 2021,convenience sampling was used to select children who were treated in the Ophthalmology Clinic of Beijing Tongren Hospital and their parents as the research subject.The subjects were divided into the control group and the experimental group according to the date of visit,with 272 children and 272 parents in each group.The subjects in the experimental group were managed by the nurse-led outpatient myopia education model,and the control group received the routine medical treatment model.The myopia knowledge,eye-use habit knowledge,compliance of the parents of the two groups,and eye-use behavior scores of the two groups of children were compared before and after the intervention.In each group,128 children who were matched for gender and age were selected,and the right eye was used as the research eye to observe the baseline,changes of diopter and axial after half a year.Results After six months of intervention,the parents'myopia knowledge,eye-use habit knowledge,compliance scores of prevention and control methods,and children's eye-use behavior scores in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The spherical equivalent increase was-0.13(-0.34,0.13)D,and the axial growth was 0.16(0.09,0.24)mm in the experimental group,respectively-0.25(-0.50,-0.25)D and 0.23(0.18,0.26)mm in the control group,and the differences between groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions The nurse-led outpatient myopia education model applied to the prevention and control of myopia in children and adolescents can effectively improve the cognition of myopia prevention and control of parents,the eye-use behavior of children and adolescents,and has a good effect on delaying the progression of myopia.

关 键 词：儿童 青少年 家长 护士主导 门诊 健康教育 近视防控 

分 类 号：R473.77[医药卫生—护理学]