不同熏蒸剂复配对生姜田土传病害的防控及产量的影响  

Effects of different fumigants compounds on ginger soil borne diseases and yield

作　　者：任立瑞 李文静 李青杰 张大琪 方文生[1] 颜冬冬[1,2] 李园 王秋霞[1,2] 曹坳程 REN Li-rui;LI Wen-jing;LI Qing-jie;ZHANG Da-qi;FANG Wen-sheng;YAN Dong-dong;LI Yuan;WANG Qiu-xia;CAO Ao-cheng(Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;Beijing Innovation Consortium of Agriculture Research System,Beijing 100029,China;Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Green Management of Soil-borne Diseases,Baoding 071000,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100193 [2]现代农业产业技术体系北京市创新团队,北京100029 [3]河北省土传病害绿色防控技术创新中心,河北保定071000

出　　处：《农药》2022年第9期674-678,共5页Agrochemicals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31972313);现代农业产业技术体系北京市创新团队(BAIC01-2017)。

摘　　要：[目的]明确不同熏蒸剂复配对生姜土传病害的田间防治效果和产量的影响,实现土壤熏蒸剂的高效使用。[方法]以氯化苦、威百亩、氯化苦+二甲基二硫、氯化苦+威百亩、氯化苦+二甲基二硫+威百亩等作为处理药剂,进行田间药效试验。[结果]不同熏蒸剂处理均能有效防控土传病害,并提高产量。氯化苦+二甲基二硫+威百亩对土传病害防效均显著高于其他处理,为99.00%~100%,生姜长势最好,死苗率最低,在0.00%~12.50%之间,产量较对照增加42.09%~448.47%。其次为二元复配氯化苦+二甲基二硫和氯化苦+威百亩,防效为78.66%~99.88%,生姜长势较前者稍差,死苗率在1.11%~15.00%之间,增产25.44%~424.31%。单剂氯化苦和威百亩处理后防效和增产效果与以上处理相比较差,死苗率较高,分别为73.12%~96.64%、6.09%~329.60%和1.69%~20.45%。[结论]通过不同熏蒸剂复配使用,为生姜土传病害的有效防治和生姜生产提供理论依据和科学防治方法。[Aims]This study aims to determine effects of different fumigants compounds on ginger soil borne diseases and yield so as to realize the efficient use of soil fumigants.[Methods]Chloropicrin,metam-sodium,chloropicrin+dimethyl disulfide,chloropicrin+metam-sodium and chloropicrin+dimethyl disulfide+metam-sodium were used as treatment agents.Field plot experimentswere carried out.[Results]Different fumigants treatments could effectively control soil borne diseases and improve ginger yield.The control effects of chloropicrin+dimethyl disulfide+metam-sodium on soil-borne pathogens were significantly higher than thoseof other treatments which were between 99.00%-100%.Gingers grew were the best.The dead seedling rate was the lowest,which was between 0.00%-12.50%.Compared with the control,the yield increased by 42.09%-448.47%.The second was the binary compoundschloropicrin+dimethyl disulfide and chloropicrin+metam-sodium.The control effectswere between 78.66%-99.88%.The growth of ginger was slightly worse than the former.The dead seedling rate was between 1.11%-15.00%,and the yield increased by 25.45%-424.31%.Compared with the above treatments,the control effect and yield of chloropicrinormetam-sodium were the lowest and the dead seedling rate was the highest,which were 73.12%-96.64%,6.09%-329.60%,and 1.69%-20.45%respectively.[Conclusions]The combination of different fumigants could provide theoretical basis and scientific control methods for the effective control of soil borne diseases and ginger production.

关 键 词：氯化苦 威百亩 二甲基二硫 生姜 复配 产量 

分 类 号：S482.2[农业科学—农药学]