敦煌莫高窟第196窟唐代壁画材质及制作工艺分析  

Manufacturing Materials and Techniques of Tang Murals at the Cave 196 in Mogao Grottoes

作　　者：张亚旭 于宗仁[4] 王丽琴[5] 崔强[4] 水碧纹[4] 樊再轩[4] Zhang Yaxu;Yu Zongren;Wang Liqin

机构地区：[1]陕西省考古研究院 [2]考古发掘现场文物保护国家文物局重点科研基地 [3]陕西省考古现场文物保护重点实验室 [4]敦煌研究院文物保护研究所 [5]西北大学文化遗产学院

出　　处：《考古与文物》2022年第4期123-128,共6页Archaeology and Cultural Relics

摘　　要：通过对莫高窟第196窟唐代壁画材质及制作工艺的分析,可知该窟壁画结构自内向外依次为支撑体、粗泥层、细泥层、白粉层、颜料层,其中粗、细泥层所加纤维为麦草和麻。X射线衍射分析结果显示,粗、细泥层中所含矿物有石英、钠长石、方解石、白云石和少量黏土矿物。白粉层为方解石与滑石的混合物。所用颜料有朱砂、铅丹、铁红、石青、雌黄等。该研究对进一步完善莫高窟壁画材质信息数据库具有重要作用。The article presents results of research conducted on mural fragments from Cave 196 in the Mogao Grottoes.The results showed there are 13%straw in the coarse mud layer,but with 9.2%of hemp in the fine mud layer.The result of X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the same inorganic substances in the coarse and fine mud layers such as quartz,sodium feldspar,calcite,dolomite,and a small amount of clay minerals.The white powder layer is a mixture of calcite and talc.The pigments were mainly inorganic mineral pigments,including cinnabar,minium,hematite,azurite and orpiment.The mural painting contains the following structures from inside to outside:supporting layer,coarse render,fine render,white powder layer,and pigment layer.The results will play an important role in improving the database on the mural material information of the Mogao Grottoes.

关 键 词：莫高窟 第196窟 壁画 制作工艺 唐代 

分 类 号：K879.41[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]