多项技术集成对养殖池塘水质和鱼类生长的影响  

Effects of Multiple Technologies Integration on Water Quality and Fish Growth in Aquaculture Ponds

作　　者：刘艳辉[1] 刘铁钢[1] 杨炳坤 李秀颖[1] 王战蔚[1] 祖岫杰[1] LIU Yanhui;LIU Tiegang;YANG Bingkun;LI Xiuying;WANG Zhanwei;ZU Xiujie(Jilin Fisheries Research Institute,Changchun,Jilin 130033,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省水产科学研究院,吉林长春130033

出　　处：《水产养殖》2022年第8期19-23,共5页Journal of Aquaculture

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-45);吉林省创新创业人才资助项目(2021Y011)。

摘　　要：分别设置3个试验池和对照池,探索池塘底排污、微孔增氧与叶轮增氧、生物絮团多项技术集成对养殖池塘水质和养殖鱼类生长等影响。结果表明,试验池的底层溶解氧质量浓度高于对照池,7月5日后氨氮和亚硝酸盐质量浓度均显著低于对照池(P<0.05),6月25日后pH值显著低于对照池(P<0.05);试验池鲤、鲫成活率显著高于对照池(P<0.05),鲤、鲫、鲂出池平均体质量显著高于对照池(P<0.05);摄食鱼总产量提高15.9%,显著高于对照池(P<0.05);饲料系数降低6.1%,显著低于对照池(P<0.05);节水51.5%。多项技术集成可有效调控养殖水质,降低铵态氮、亚硝酸盐氮等有毒有害物质,减少鱼病发生,实现了节水减排。Three experimental ponds and contrast ponds were set up respectively to explore the effects of multiple technologies(pond bottom sewage, microporous oxygenation and impeller oxygenation, biological flocculation technology) integration on the water quality and the fish growth. The results showed that the dissolved oxygen in the bottom of the experimental pond was higher than that of the contrast pond. The ammonia nitrogen and nitrite were significantly lower than those in contrast pond after July 5(P<0.05), and the pH value was significantly lower than that in the contrast pool(P<0.05) after June 25. The survival rate of carp and crucian and the average body weight of carp, crucian and gurnard in experimental pond were significantly higher than that in contrast pond(P<0.05). Total fish yield increased by 15.9%, which was significantly higher than that of contrast pond(P<0.05). The feed coefficient decreased by 6.1%, which was significantly lower than that of contrast pond(P<0.05), the water was saved by 51.5%. The integration of multiple technologies effectively regulates the water quality of aquaculture, reduces the toxic and harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite, reduces the fish diseases,and realizes the water saving and emission reduction.

关 键 词：多项技术集成 养殖池塘 水质 鱼类生长 

分 类 号：S964.3[农业科学—水产养殖]