论反不正当竞争法"商业数据专条"的建构--落实中央关于数据产权制度顶层设计的一种方案  

On the Construction of the"Provision of Commercial Data"in Anti-Unfair Competition Law

作　　者：孔祥俊[1] Kong Xiangjun

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学凯原法学院

出　　处：《东方法学》2022年第5期15-29,共15页Oriental Law

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"反不正当竞争法立法问题研究"(项目批准号:17BFX010)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：商业数据的立法保护,是回应数据产权制度顶层设计的重要举措。在准确认识权益特点,全面总结司法实践,充分借鉴域外经验的基础上,应通过修改反不正当竞争法,专设数据保护条款,针对以企业数据为核心的商业数据,构建一种既赋予一定排他性,又兼顾数据流通利用的商业数据弱权利保护机制。采取数据专条保护模式应当立足于权利式保护,使数据权益保护具有确定性和事先可识别性,并将事先的保护措施规定为受保护数据的构成要件,成为是否予以保护的重要界限。在具体的条款设计中,应以激励数据生成和促进数据流通利用为导向,设定受保护商业数据的构成要件,对侵权行为进行类型化界分,划定商业数据的保护边界,推进数字经济的有序健康发展。The legislative protection of commercial data is an important step to implement the top design of data property rights system.Based on an accurate understanding of the rights,full summary of judicial practice and comprehensive reference to the foreign experience,a special provision on protecting the commercial data with the enterprise data as the core should be added through the revision of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law so as to construct a weak rights protection mechanism characterized by being exclusive and conducive to data circulation and use.According to this provision,the prior protection measures will be the condition for data protection and decide on whether or not the data should be protected.Such measures should be prior,intended for rights protection,certain and recognizable.The devising of the provision should aim to encourage data creation,circulation and use,lays down the elements for constituting commercial data protection,determines the categories of infringement,and delimits the boundary of commercial data protection in order to promote the orderly and healthy development of digital economy.

关 键 词：反不正当竞争法 数据法益 商业数据专条 数据产权 企业数据 弱权利保护机制 

分 类 号：D912.29[政治法律—民商法学]