防烟楼梯间加压送风系统送风量分配影响因素研究  

Research on Influencing Factors of Air Distribution of Pressurized Air Supply System in Smoke-Proof Staircase

作　　者：钟文杰 ZHONG Wenjie(China Railway Construction Group Co.Ltd.,Beijing 100040,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁建设集团有限公司,北京100040

出　　处：《铁道建筑技术》2022年第8期190-194,220,共6页Railway Construction Technology

基　　金：中国铁建股份有限公司科研计划项目(2020-B10,2019-C34)。

摘　　要：本文针对高层建筑防烟楼梯间地上、地下合用一套加压送风系统情况,使用CFD流体仿真软件,模拟分析楼梯间地上地下实际送风量及地上各楼层送风量分配随立管流速和各楼层送风口面积的变化规律,并对相关参数进行调整,使送风量均满足设计要求,且相对均衡。结果显示:按传统方法设计楼梯间正压送风系统时,各风口送风量沿立管内空气流动方向呈递增趋势,且风速越大,立管越短,此趋势越为明显。为均匀地面以上各风口风量,各送风口面积应沿流动方向依次递减。地下部分送风口截面积大小与正压送风系统风机位置关系密切;从楼梯间地下送风口的出口风速来看,送风机位于系统上部更为合理。This article focuses on the situation that the same set of pressurized air supply system is shared between the ground and underground in the smoke-proof staircase of high-rise buildings. Combining the positive pressure air supply system of two buildings of different heights, the CFD software is used to simulate and analyze the variation law of the actual air supply volume above and below the ground and the air supply volume distribution of each floor above the ground with the air velocity in the riser and the air supply outlet area of each floor, and the relevant parameters are adjusted so that the air supply volume of the above ground and underground space of the stairwell meets the design requirements, and makes the air volume of each air outlet on each floor relatively balanced. The results show that: when designing the positive pressure air supply system of the stairwell according to the traditional method, the air supply volume of each air outlet shows an increasing trend along the air flow direction in the riser, and the higher the wind speed, the shorter the riser, the more obvious this trend. In order to uniform the air volume of each air outlet of each layer above the ground, the area of each air supply outlet should decrease in order along the flow direction. The cross-sectional area of the air supply opening of the underground staircase is closely related to the position of the fan of the positive pressure air supply system. In addition, from the perspective of the outlet wind speed of the air outlet in the underground part of the stairwell, it is more reasonable that the air blower is located in the upper part of the system.

关 键 词：防烟楼梯间 机械加压送风 送风量 影响因素 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TU892[建筑科学]