重芳烃轻质化与分离研究进展  

Research progress in conversion to light aromatics and separation of heavy aromatics

作　　者：袁国民 从海峰 李鑫钢[1] YUAN Guomin;CONG Haifeng;LI Xingang(School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,National Engineering Research Centre of Distillation Technology,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin),Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学化工学院,精馏技术国家工程研究中心,天津化学化工协同创新中心,天津300350

出　　处：《化学工业与工程》2022年第3期60-72,共13页Chemical Industry and Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2018YFB0604903)。

摘　　要：随着大量的芳烃联合装置、乙烯装置兴建及扩建,以及现代煤化工产业的发展,使得重芳烃的来源变得更加多元化,副产的重质芳烃变得越来越多,而有效地利用这一资源将能极大促进化工行业发展,这在推动国家经济和能源发展方面具有重要的意义。主要梳理了近年来重质芳烃轻质化和重质芳烃分离的工艺方法,阐述了石油基和煤基重质芳烃的利用现状和高值化相关研究,重点介绍了几种成熟的重质芳轻质化和分离工艺,例如:脱烷基、选择加氢开环以及烷基转移等轻质化工艺,萃取精馏、烷基化反应精馏以及吸附等重芳烃分离工艺。虽然重质芳烃分离与轻质化工艺均能提高重质芳烃资源的利用率和附加值,但均存在很多问题,例如轻质化工艺存在转化率低、副产物较多以及催化剂效率低等问题,而重质芳烃分离过程存在分离能耗高、设备投资大、萃取精馏溶剂选择难以及结晶分离收率低等问题,因此2种重芳烃再利用方法均需要在工艺方面进行改进和创新。对此,最后对重质芳烃资源轻质化和分离工艺给予了展望,为重质芳烃资源再利用深入研究提供参考。With the construction and expansion of a large number of aromatics complexes, ethylene plants, and the development of the modern coal chemical industry, the sources of heavy aromatics have become more diversified, and the by-products of heavy aromatics have become more and more effective. While this resource will greatly promote the development of the chemical industry, it is of great significance in promoting the country’s economic and energy development. This article mainly summarizes the technology of lightening heavy aromatics and separation of heavy aromatics in recent years, expounds the utilization status of petroleum-based and coal-based heavy aromatics. And focusing on several mature heavy aromatics lightening and separation processes, For example, lightening processes such as dealkylation, selective hydrogenation, ring opening, and transalkylation, extractive distillation, alkylation reaction rectification, adsorption separation of heavy aromatics separation processes. Although both heavy aromatics separation and lightening processes can improve the utilization and the added value of heavy aromatics resources, there are many problems, such as low conversion rate, more by-products, and low catalyst efficiency in the lightening process. And the heavy aromatics separation process has problems such as high energy consumption for separation, large equipment investment, difficult selection of extractive distillation solvents, and low yield of crystallization separation. Therefore, the two kind of reuse methods for heavy aromatics need to be improved and innovated in the process. Therefore, at the end of this article, a prospect is given to the lightening and separation process of heavy aromatics resources, which provides a reference for in-depth research on the reuse of heavy aromatics resources.

关 键 词：重芳烃 轻质化 脱烷基 芳烃提纯 均三甲苯 偏三甲苯 

分 类 号：TQ028[化学工程]