脂肪细胞转分化对青春期性发育及骨生长的调控机制  

Regulation mechanism of adipocyte transdifferentiation on puberby sexual development and bone growth

作　　者：段娟[1] 刘莱莱[2] DUAN Juan;LIU Lailai(Department of Paediatrics,Guang’anmen Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing100053,China;Department of Nephrotic Blood Purification,Beijing Huimin Hospital,Beijing100053,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院广安门医院儿科,北京100053 [2]北京市回民医院肾病血液净化科,北京100053

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2022年第27期39-42,共4页China Medical Herald

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(81102616);中国博士后科学基金项目(2012M510729)。

摘　　要：青春期的性发育通常伴随骨形成速度加快和脂肪重塑,雌激素在整体水平上调节骨生长,性启动过程受下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴(HPGA)的控制,并与体脂有关,其具体机制目前尚未明确。近年来研究发现,瘦素可刺激下丘脑促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)兴奋HPGA,进而促使青春期的开始,但瘦素并不是必需启动因子。过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPARγ)是联系能量代谢和生殖轴的重要纽带,通过激活PPARγ触发瘦素信号可以刺激下丘脑GnRH兴奋HPGA。骨骼作为内分泌器官,能够抑制脂肪细胞形成,而脂肪细胞又可以抑制成骨细胞的增殖分化,拮抗骨形成。PPARγ是调节成脂与成骨分化的关键因子。据此,脂肪细胞转分化是调控青春期性发育及骨生长的重要机制。本文拓展了脂肪细胞转分化对儿童性发育及骨代谢调控的新认识,为临床多靶点、多途径干预儿童性早熟、改善终身高提供新的思路。Puberty sexual development is accompanied by rapid bone formation and fat remodeling,estrogen regulates bone growth at the global level,sexual initiation is controlled by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis(HPGA)and is related to body fat.Recent studies have found that leptin can stimulate hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRH)to stimulate HPGA,thus promoting the onset of puberty,but leptin is not an essential initiator.Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγ(PPARγ)is an important link between energy metabolism and reproductive axis.The activation of PPARγtriggers leptin signal,which can stimulate the hypothalamic GnRH to stimulate HPGA.As an endocrine organ,bone can inhibit the formation of adipocytes,which in turn can inhibit the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts and antagonize bone formation.PPARγis a key factor regulating adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation.Therefore,adipocyte transdifferentiation is an important mechanism regulating puberty sexual development and bone growth.This paper expands the new understanding of adipocyte transdifferentiation on the regulation of children’s sexual development and bone metabolism,and provides a new idea for clinical multi-target and multi-way intervention of children’s precocious puberty and improvement of lifelong high.

关 键 词：脂肪细胞 骨生长 瘦素 性早熟 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]