植物碳同位素分馏在水分利用效率研究中的应用  

Application of Plant Carbon Isotope Fractionation in the Study of Water Use Efficiency

作　　者：史芮林 张庆芬 李铭 李全起[1] 张明明 SHI Ruilin;ZHANG Qingfen;LI Ming;LI Quanqi;ZHANG Mingming(College of Water Conservancy&Civil Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Taian,Shandong 271018)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学水利土木工程学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2022年第23期15-20,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划项目“麦玉两熟农田深松节水技术体系构建与示范”(2019GSF109054);山东省自然科学基金培养基金项目“土下覆膜对盐碱地冬小麦增效作用的调控机制研究”(ZR2019PC008);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目“土下覆膜盐碱麦田的土壤微环境及冬小麦增产机制研究”(32001473)。

摘　　要：稳定碳同位素测量法不受时间、空间限制,测定过程简便准确,为了消除常规传统测定水分利用效率(WUE)方法中的缺陷,可将稳定碳同位素示踪技术引用于指示作物的WUE中。本研究综述了稳定碳同位素分馏的基本原理,从植物器官组织、气候因子和水分条件分析了稳定碳同位素分馏特征与WUE的关系和在植物抗旱节水育种上的应用。通过分析不同光合型植物稳定碳同位素分馏特征得出,WUE与碳同位素比值(δ^(13)C)及碳同位素分辨率(Δ^(13)C)具有相关性,植物不同部位器官的δ^(13)C值均有差异,降雨量、光照强度和时长以及土壤水分都对植物δC值和WUE产生显著影响。因此,利用δ^(13)C和Δ^(13)C这两个稳定碳同位素指标能够更好地指示植物高WUE和抗旱性,可为提高植物WUE和选育抗旱性品种提供理论依据。Stable carbon isotope measurement is not limited by time and space, and the measurement process is simple and accurate. In order to eliminate the defects of conventional methods for measuring water use efficiency(WUE), stable carbon isotope tracing technology can be used in the WUE of indicator crops. The basic principle of stable carbon isotope fractionation was reviewed in this paper. The relationship between the stable carbon isotope fractionation characteristics and WUE, and the application of stable carbon isotope fractionation in drought resistance and water saving breeding were analyzed from plant organs, climate factors and water conditions. The stable carbon isotope fractionation characteristics of different photosynthetic plants show that WUE is correlated with carbon isotope ratio(δ^(13)C) and carbon isotope resolution(Δ^(13)C), and the δ^(13)C values of different plant organs are different. Rainfall, light intensity and duration, and soil moisture have significant effects on the δ^(13)C values and WUE. Therefore, δC and Δ^(13)C, the two stable carbon isotope indexes can indicate the high WUE and drought resistance of plants better, and provide a theoretical basis for improving plant WUE and breeding drought-resistant varieties.

关 键 词：水分利用效率 相关性 稳定碳同位素分馏 碳同位素比值 碳同位素分辨率 

分 类 号：S331[农业科学—作物遗传育种]