3种陆生植物叶片浸提液对东海原甲藻生长及光合生理的影响  

Effects of leaf extracts of three terrestrial plants on the growth and photosynthetic physiology of Prorocentrum donghaiense

作　　者：向舒 陈雯雯 沈盎绿 XIANG Shu;CHEN Wenwen;SHEN Anglyu(College of Marine Ecology and Environment,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋生态与环境学院,上海201306

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2022年第4期468-479,共12页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室开放基金项目(FEEL-2020-9);上海海洋大学青年教师科研启动基金(201909)。

摘　　要：为了解东海大规模赤潮原因种东海原甲藻(Prorocentrum donghaiense)的生长及光合作用规律,为赤潮的生物防治提供科学依据,研究了常见陆生植物香樟(Cinnamomum camphora)、夹竹桃(Nerium indicum)和银杏(Ginkgo biloba)叶片浸提液对东海原甲藻生长及其光合系统的影响。结果表明:96 h培养后,3.0 g·L^(-1)香樟和夹竹桃叶片浸提液对藻细胞生长抑制率为100.0%,而银杏叶片浸提液处理组抑制率为74.9%;香樟、夹竹桃及银杏叶片浸提液的半抑制浓度96 h-EC_(50)分别为0.84 g·L^(-1)、1.30 g·L^(-1)和1.74 g·L^(-1)。96 h处理后,3.0 g·L^(-1)香樟叶片浸提液对东海原甲藻光合系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)有效光化学量子效率(F_(v)′/F_(m)′)抑制率为100.0%;3.0 g·L^(-1)夹竹桃叶片浸提液处理后藻细胞F_(v)′/F_(m)′的抑制率为97.0%;3.0、5.0和10.0 g·L^(-1)银杏叶片浸提液处理后藻细胞F_(v)′/F_(m)′抑制率分别为34.9%、88.9%和100.0%。分析相对电子传递效率rETR和快速光响应曲线发现,随着3种叶片浸提液质量浓度和时间的增加,最大相对电子传递效率(rETR_(max))、光能转化效率(α)及光饱和系数(I_(k))3个参数呈不同程度的下降,对东海原甲藻光合作用的抑制作用明显增强。综上所述,3种植物叶片浸提液对东海原甲藻的抑制效率由大到小依次为:香樟>夹竹桃>银杏。研究结果为筛选通过化感效应治理东海原甲藻赤潮的有效抑藻植物提供了依据,可以进一步阐明其对东海原甲藻光合作用的影响机理。Harmful algal bloom is an increasingly serious marine environmental problem for aquaculture,fisheries and public health in many coastal areas throughout the world.The dinoflagellate Prorocentrum donghaiense has been a major bloom species in the Yangtze River Estuary and adjacent coastal waters of the East China Sea during the annual blooms that occur in late April and May since 2000.Therefore,the control of P.donghaiense bloom gradually becomes one of research hotspots,and plant allelopathy is one of the important means of biological control of algal blooms due to its advantages such as simple operation,low environmental pressure,no secondary pollution and economic applicability.However,there are few studies on the effective control of P.donghaiense bloom in the East China Sea,especially in the cage culture area where blooms are easy to occur in the offshore area.Moreover,it has been found that the allelochemicals extracted from terrestrial woody plants have a good inhibitory effect on marine algae,however,there are only a few reports describing the inhibition effect of terrestrial plant extracts on bloom-forming species,especially for P.donghaiense.We hypothesized that leaf powder of terrestrial plants could build a bloom isolation zone in the cage aquaculture area learned from the principle of forest fire prevention isolation zone.Therefore,in this study,leaves of three common terrestrial plants,Cinnamomum camphora,Nerium indicum and Ginkgo biloba,were selected as algae inhibition materials,and the effects of seawater extracts from these three plant leaves on the growth inhibition effect were studied.Furthermore,the effects of leaf extracts of the three plants on the actual photochemical quantum efficiency(F_(v)′/F_(m)′),photosynthesis efficiency(α),relative maximal electron transport rates(rETR_(max)),and light saturation coefficient(I_(k))of P.donghaiense were as well carried out to comprehensively evaluate the regulatory effects of leaf extracts of the three plants on the photosystem PSⅡof algae to pr

关 键 词：东海原甲藻 常见陆生植物 植物化感作用 生长限制 光合系统 

分 类 号：S968[农业科学—水产养殖]