茎瘤芥甬榨2号小孢子发育时期与花器官形态的相关性分析  

Analysis on Correlation of Microspore Development Stage and Flower Morphological Characteristics of Tuber Mustard‘Yongzha No.2’

作　　者：王洁 孟秋峰 周洁萍 任锡亮 高天一 安学君 WANG Jie;MENG Qiufeng;ZHOU Jieping;REN Xiliang;GAO Tianyi;AN Xuejun(Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Ningbo 315040,Zhejiang,China;People’s Government of Xiaocaoe Town,Yuyao City,Zhejiang Province,Yuyao 315475,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波市农业科学研究院,浙江宁波315040 [2]浙江省余姚市小曹娥镇人民政府,浙江余姚315475

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2022年第9期57-62,共6页China Vegetables

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31902033)。

摘　　要：对茎瘤芥品种甬榨2号不同发育时期的花药及小孢子进行细胞学观察,明确小孢子发育各时期的细胞结构特征;观察、测定小孢子不同发育时期的花器官形态指标,进而分析小孢子发育时期与花器官形态的相关性。结果表明,甬榨2号小孢子形成经历了小孢子母细胞时期、四分体时期、单核早中期、单核后期、双核时期及三核时期,各时期特征明显,且与花器官外部形态指标具有一定的相关性。单核后期、双核时期的花药和花瓣颜色特征明显,而且双核时期的的花瓣长于花药,由此可肉眼简单区分出甬榨2号小孢子发育的单核后期;小孢子各发育时期的花蕾纵径和花蕾横径均差异显著,且花蕾纵茎测量简单方便,甬榨2号单核后期的花蕾纵径范围为3.50~3.79 mm,可依据此标准进一步确定处在单核后期的花蕾。This study conducted cytological observation on anther and microspore at different developmental stages of tuber mustard‘Yongzha No.2’to definition cellular structure characteristics of microspores at each development stage;observed and measured the flower organ morphological index of microspore at different development stages;and analyzed the correlation between microspore development stage with flower organ morphology.Results showed that‘Yongzha No.2’microspore formation had experienced pollen mother cell,tetrad,early-or mid-uninucleate,late-uninucleate,binucleate and trinucleate(mature pollen)stages.Each stage had its own feature and certain correlation with flower organ external morphological index.The color characteristics of anther and petal were obvious in late-uninucleate stage and binuclear period.While,the petals at binucleate stage were longer than anthers.Therefor,the late-uninucleate stage of‘Yongzha No.2’microspore development could be easily distinguished by naked eye.There were significant differences in vertical and horizontal diameters of flower bud at each microspore development stages.Measuring vertical diameter of flower bud was simple and convenient.The range of vertical diameter of‘Yongzha No.2’flower bud in late-uninucleate stage was 3.50-3.79 mm,which could be used as standard for further determining the flower buds in late-uninucleate stage.

关 键 词：茎瘤芥 小孢子 发育时期 花器官 形态指标 

分 类 号：S637.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]