生长年限及药材规格等级对唐古特大黄药效成分含量的影响  

Effects of growth year and specification grade on content of active compounds of Rheum Tanguticum

作　　者：彭博扬 丁一明 唐进程 赵江怡 赵婷[1,2] 刘芳[1,2] 刘凤波[1,2] 张媛[1,2] 魏胜利[1,2] PENG Boyang;DING Yiming;TANG Jincheng;ZHAO Jiangyi;ZHAO Ting;LIU Fang;LIU Fengbo;ZHANG Yuan;WEI Shengli(Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Bejing 102488,China;Research Center for the Standardized Production of Traditional Chinese Medicinals of the Ministry of Education,Beijing 100102,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学,北京102488 [2]教育部中药材规范化生产工程研究中心

出　　处：《北京中医药大学学报》2022年第8期842-849,854,共9页Journal of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：北京市科技计划项目(No.Z20110005420005)。

摘　　要：目的为确定人工栽培唐古特大黄适宜生长年限和科学划分其药材规格等级提供依据。方法选择产地与采收季节相同的3~6年生人工栽培唐古特大黄药材作为研究材料,规格划分为根茎和根段两类,根段按照直径>5 cm、3~5 cm和<3 cm划分为3个等级,测定不同生长年限各规格等级药材的质量占比以及功效组分含量。结果不同生长年限唐古特大黄直径3~5 cm的根段和直径<3 cm的根段质量占比差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),其中直径3~5 cm的根段质量占比会随生长年限逐渐增加,而直径<3 cm的根段质量占比则逐渐下降。生长年限和药材规格等级对于唐古特大黄3类功效组分的含量具有显著影响,其中二蒽酮成分受到两者的影响强度接近,以6年生直径>5 cm的粗直径等级根段中含量最高;游离型蒽醌含量受药材规格等级的影响更强,以直径>5 cm的粗直径等级根段中含量最高;而鞣质成分含量受生长年限的影响更强,以6年生药材含量最高。结论唐古特大黄药材规格等级对药材内在质量的影响源自生长年限的差异,若将药材规格等级与质量挂钩,就必须要在实现年限控制的前提下,再进一步考虑药材直径大小;对于药材质量的评价,可以进行药材功效组分多维度评价。Objective To provide a basis for determining the appropriate growth year and scientifically setting the specification grade of Rheum Tanguticum in its artificial cultivation.Methods The 3-year-old to 6-year-old cultivated Rheum Tanguticum with the same place of growth and harvest season were selected as the research material.The specifications were divided into rhizome and root segment.The root segment was further divided into three grades according to the diameter:>5 cm,3-5 cm and<3 cm.The weight proportion and active component content of Rheum Tanguticum selected of different specification grades and growth years were measured.Results There was a significant difference in the weight proportion of root segments with the diameter of 3~5 cm and<3 cm Rheum Tanguticum with different growth years(P<0.01).The weight proportion of root segments with the diameter of 3~5 cm would gradually increase with the growth year,while the weight proportion of root segments with a diameter<3 cm would gradually decrease with the growth year.The growth year and the specification grade had a significant influence on the contents of three kinds of active components of Rheum Tanguticum:Dianthrone,free anthraquinone and tannin.The growth year and specification grade had similar impact on the content of Dianthrone,with the highest content found in 6-year-old roots with diameter>3 cm.The content of free anthraquinone was more affected by the specification grade,with the highest content found in the roots with diameter>5 cm.The content of tannin was more affected by growth year,with the highest content found in 6-year-old Rheum Tanguticum.Conclusion The influence of specification grade on the quality seems to stem from the difference of growth year,so the growth year should be regulated before matching the specification grade(according to diameter of root)of Rheum Tanguticum with its quality.For the evaluation of the quality of Materia Medica,multi-dimensional evaluation based on the active components could be considered for a more accurate

关 键 词：唐古特大黄 生长年限 规格等级 功效组分 

分 类 号：R284.1[医药卫生—中药学]