非整倍体中的反式调控机制  

Inverse regulatory mechanisms in aneuploidy

作　　者：张帅 孙林 ZHANG Shuai;SUN Lin(Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development,College of Life Sciences,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学生命科学学院抗性基因资源与分子发育北京市重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2022年第8期1192-1202,共11页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:31871243,32070566)资助。

摘　　要：非整倍体内基因组不平衡会对整体基因表达产生反式调控,往往严重危害生物体的生长和发育.本文首先在总结了植物、果蝇和人类非整倍体的基因表达研究及反式调节机制的基础上,证明了反式剂量效应在非整倍体中具有普遍性.其次描述了组蛋白修饰、染色质重塑、DNA和RNA修饰以及lnc RNA在非整倍体反式调节过程中可能发挥的作用.最后重点讨论了剂量敏感调节因子和大分子复合物成员间的化学计量关系在此过程中的重要性.上述内容对于进一步了解非整倍体基因表达的调控机制具有重要意义.The genomic imbalance of aneuploidy generates inverse regulation throughout the genome and often causes serious harm to the growth and development of organisms.In this review,we summarize the gene expression studies and inverse regulatory mechanisms of plants,Drosophila,and human aneuploidy and demonstrate the prevalence of the inverse dosage effect.We also describe the possible roles of histone modifications,chromatin remodeling,DNA and RNA modifications,and lnc RNA in the inverse regulation of aneuploidy.Finally,the importance of dosage-sensitive regulators and the stoichiometry of macromolecular complexes in this process are discussed.These results will aid in further elucidation of the regulatory mechanisms of gene expression in aneuploidy.

关 键 词：非整倍体 基因组不平衡 反式剂量效应 剂量补偿 化学计量关系 

分 类 号：Q75[生物学—分子生物学]