2013-2020年四川省青海田鼠鼠疫自然疫源地监测数据分析  

Microtus fuscus plague natural foci surveillance results in Sichuan,2013-2020

作　　者：吴朝学[1] 宋渝丹[2] 马新雅 李光军[3] 汪立茂[1] 魏荣杰 Wu Chaoxue;Song Yudan;Ma Xinya;Li Guangjun;Wang Limao;Wei Rongjie(Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan,China;Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program,Beijing 102206,China;Shiqu County Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shiqu 627350,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省疾病预防控制中心,四川成都610041 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心,中国现场流行病学培训项目,北京102206 [3]四川省石渠县疾病预防控制中心,四川石渠627350

出　　处：《疾病监测》2022年第7期954-958,共5页Disease Surveillance

基　　金：四川省科技计划(No.2021YJ0140)。

摘　　要：目的分析四川省青海田鼠鼠疫自然疫源地变化趋势,为鼠疫防控对策的制定提供参考依据。方法按照《全国鼠疫监测方案》和《四川省鼠疫监测方案》在青海田鼠鼠疫疫源地持续开展宿主动物、媒介和病原学监测,采用描述性流行病学方法对2013—2020年四川省青海田鼠鼠疫监测数据进行分析。结果2013—2020年共捕获青海田鼠5007只,捕获夜行鼠283只,鼠密度介于113.14~123.81只/公顷之间,鼠体染蚤率为58.46%,平均蚤指数为0.95,巢穴染蚤率100%,巢蚤指数为70.03,检获蚤类主要为细钩黄鼠蚤和直缘双蚤指名亚种,检出鼠疫菌25株,阳性血清13份。结论2013—2020年四川省青海田鼠鼠疫自然疫源地宿主动物和蚤类总体稳定,动物间鼠疫流行处于活跃状态,存在发生动物源性人间鼠疫和鼠疫远距离传播的风险,应继续在青海田鼠活动频繁的季节开展鼠疫监测。Objective To analyze the changing trends of the Microtus fuscus plague natural foci in Sichuan province and provide reference for the prevention and control of plague.Methods According to“National Plague Surveillance Protocol”and“Sichuan Province Plague Surveillance Protocol”,continuous surveillance for host animals,vectors and pathogens in the Microtus fuscus plague natural foci in Sichuan were conducted.Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze Microtus fuscus plague natural foci surveillance data in Sichuan from 2013 to 2020.Results From 2013 to 2020,a total of 5007Microtus fuscus and 283 nocturnal mice were captured.The rodent density of Microtus fuscus ranged from 113.14 to 123.81perhectare.The flea infection rate was 58.46%,the average flea index was 0.95,and the nest flea infection rate was 100%,the nest flea index was 70.03.The main fleas seized were Chrysosphaeria gracilis and Amphiprion.A total of 25 strains of Yersinia pestis were isolated and 13 positive serum samples were detected.Conclusion From 2013 to 2020,the status of host animals and fleas in the Microtus fuscus plague natural foci in Sichuan were relatively stable,the epidemic of plague among animals was active,and there was a risk of spread of the epidemics in animals to humans and wider spread of plague.It is necessary to continue the plague surveillance in season when Microtus fuscus activities are frequent.

关 键 词：田鼠 鼠疫 监测 

分 类 号：R211[医药卫生—中医学] R516.8