酶联免疫法检测新冠灭活疫苗接种人群血清中和抗体  

Changes of neutralizing antibody levels after inactivated 2019-nCoV vaccine immunization determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

作　　者：许文平[1] 雷智[1] 余明 胡馨月 刘春梅 徐立新 任洁 艾雨 Xu Wenping;Lei Zhi;Yu Ming;Hu Xiyue;Liu Chunmei;Xu Lixin;Ren Jie;Ai Yu(Luzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Luzhou 646000,China)

机构地区：[1]泸州市疾病预防控制中心,泸州646600

出　　处：《中华实验和临床病毒学杂志》2022年第4期465-468,共4页Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology

基　　金：泸州市科技计划(2021-ZRK-123)。

摘　　要：目的研究新型冠状病毒灭活疫苗加强免疫后不同时间间隔的人群体内产生中和抗体水平的变化,评价疫苗在人群产生的保护效果。方法选取在2020年11月底至2021年1月期间接种两针剂免疫后,全程参与采样检测的50名疾控中心成员作为研究对象,分别与第6、8、10月和加强针免疫后7天共四个时间点收集血清标本,利用酶联免疫吸附法检测中和抗体,通过测定吸光度A值,计算阳性率和抑制率。结果完成两针疫苗接种程序后第6、8、10月和加强针免疫后7天的阳性率分别为76%(38/50)、68%(34/50)、30%(15/50)和100%(50/50);平均抑制率分别为58.80%、49.86%、34.60和95.55%。方差结果显示,完成两针新冠疫苗接种程序的不同时间段平均抑制率差异具有统计学意义(F=326.00,P<0.001)。配对t检验结果显示,完成两针新冠疫苗接种程序后第6、8、10月人群的平均抑制率逐渐降低,接种加强针后出现明显升高(P<0.001)。结论新型冠状病毒疫苗两针免疫后中和抗体水平会随时间的变化逐渐降低,但体内一直存在免疫记忆,增加疫苗加强针再次刺激,体内中和抗体水平将会显著上升。Objective To study the level of neutralizing antibodies produced in the population at different time intervals after completion of the inactivated 2019-nCoV vaccine immunization,and to evaluate the protective effect produced by the vaccine in the population.Methods Fifty volunteers were included in this study,the neutralizing antibodies were detected by ELISA,and the inhibition rate and positive rate were calculated from the absorbance OD value.Results The positive rates were 76%(38/50),68%(34/50),30%(15/50)and 100%(50/50)in the groups of 6,8,10 months’intervals and intensive immunization,respectively;while the mean suppression rates were 58.80%,49.86%,34.60 and 95.55%,respectively.The result of the time main effects test showed that there was a statistically significant difference in the mean inhibition rate between the different time periods(F=326.00,P<0.001).The paired t-test showed a gradual decrease in the mean inhibition rate in the 6th,8th and 10th month,with a significant increase(P<0.001)after 7-day in intensive immunization.Conclusions This study showed after two doses of the 2019-nCoV vaccine,the level of neutralizing antibodies gradually decreased and weakened over time,but there was immune memory in the body,and when the body intensively stimulated by vaccine again,the level of neutralizing antibodies would rise significantly.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒灭活疫苗 中和抗体 抑制率 阳性率 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]