电磁轨道炮铜合金导轨失效研究与应对策略  

Research on failure mechanism and response strategy of copper alloy guideway of electromagnetic rail gun

作　　者：刘赛男 孙洋洋 翟鹏远 高大伟[3] 张永统 赵钰辉 杨国义[3] 肖来荣[4] 蔡圳阳[4] LIU Sainan;SUN Yangyang;ZHAI Pengyuan;GAO Dawei;ZHANG Yongtong;ZHAO Yuhui;YANG Guoyi;XIAO Lairong;CAI Zhenyang(School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;China Ordnance Industry New Technology Promotion Institute,Beijing 100089,China;Henan Jianghe Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Pingdingshan 467337,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源加工与生物工程学院,长沙410083 [2]中国兵器工业新技术推广研究所,北京100089 [3]河南江河机械有限责任公司,河南平顶山467337 [4]中南大学材料科学与工程学院,长沙410083

出　　处：《兵器装备工程学报》2022年第8期87-94,共8页Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51901252);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2020JJ5713,2020JJ5737);中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司科研项目(SF/JS-梁字-2020-256)。

摘　　要：电磁轨道炮作为未来新型概念武器,自20世纪以来被世界各军事强国广泛研究,但由铜合金导轨失效带来的使用寿命短、发射稳定性差等问题却限制其进一步实战化应用。铜合金导轨主要存在超高速刨削、载流摩擦磨损以及电弧烧蚀等3种失效形式,总结分析了铜合金导轨这3种失效形式的产生机理,在此基础上提出了铜合金材料强化、表面改性与覆层制备、导轨结构优化等解决策略,展望了未来电磁轨道炮铜合金导轨研究方向,以期促进电磁轨道炮的研究与实际应用。As a new concept weapon in the future,electromagnetic rail gun has been widely researched by military powers in the world since the last century.However,the problems of short service life and poor firing stability caused by the failure of copper alloy guide rails have limited its further operational application.The three main failure forms of copper alloy guidewayare hypervelocity gouging,current-carrying friction wear and arc ablation.The mechanism of these three main failure forms of copper alloy guideways and research progress at home and abroad were summarized and analyzed.Based on this,three solution strategies including copper alloy material strengthening,surface modification and cladding preparation,and guideway structure optimization were proposed,and the future research direction of copper alloy guideway for electromagnetic rail gun was prospected in order to promote the research and practical application of electromagnetic rail gun.

关 键 词：电磁轨道炮 铜合金 失效形式 失效机理 

分 类 号：TJ768.2[兵器科学与技术—武器系统与运用工程]