准静态轴压载荷下Al-CFRP梯度混合管的多目标优化设计  

Multi-objective optimization design of Al-CFRP gradient hybrid tubes under quasi-static axial compression load

作　　者：秦晓宇 马其华 胡沛源[4] 查一斌 QIN Xiao-yu;MA Qi-hua;HU Pei-yuan;ZHA Yi-bin(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620,China;Center for Civil Aviation Composites,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of High Performance Fibers and Composites(Province-Minitry Joint),Shanghai 201620,China;Human Horizons(shanghai)Enterprise Development Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200000,China)

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学机械与汽车工程学院,上海201620 [2]东华大学民用航空复合材料东华大学协同创新中心,上海201620 [3]上海市高性能纤维复合材料协同创新中心(省部共建),上海201620 [4]华人运通(上海)企业发展有限公司,上海200000

出　　处：《塑性工程学报》2022年第9期188-198,共11页Journal of Plasticity Engineering

基　　金：高水平-智能交通与无人驾驶汽车研究生实践基地建设(22-030501031);上海市高性能纤维复合材料协同创新中心开放课题(X12812101/020)。

摘　　要：依据功能梯度结构设计原理,采用变厚度碳纤维复合材料层缠绕金属铝管的方式制备了Al-CFRP梯度混合样管,采用准静态轴向压缩实验对比了纯Al管、等厚度混合管以及梯度混合管的压溃与吸能特性,验证了梯度管的力学性能优势。在以上分析的基础上建立了梯度混合管有限元模型,通过对比压溃过程中具有典型压溃特征的6个压溃瞬时,发现有限元模型的压溃特性与变形模式均与实验结果具有较高的吻合度。分析了不同梯度系数下Al管壁厚和纤维缠绕角度对梯度混合管压溃性能的影响。结果表明,Al管壁厚对结构压溃性能影响显著,梯度系数对结构的峰值载荷和压溃力效率影响较大,碳纤维复合材料缠绕角度对结构压溃性能影响较小。为获取最优梯度混合管设计方案,采用基于响应面的多目标映射优化方法获得了吸能特性提升显著的梯度混合管结构形式。According to the design principle of functional gradient structure,the Al-CFRP gradient hybrid sample tubes were prepared by winding aluminum tubes with carbon fiber composite layers with variable thicknesses.The crushing and energy absorption characteristics of pure aluminum tube,hybrid tube with constant thickness,and gradient hybrid tube were compared through quasi-static axial compression experiments,and the mechanical properties advantages of gradient hybrid tube were verified.Based on the above analysis,the finite ele-ment model of gradient hybrid tube was established.By comparing the six crushing transients with typical crushing characteristics during the crushing process,it is found that the crushing characteristics and deformation patterns of the finite element model are in high agree-ment with the experimental results.The effects of the wall thickness of aluminum tube and fiber winding angle on crashworthiness of gradi-ent hybrid tube with different gradient coefficients were analyzed.The results show that the wall thickness of aluminum tube has a signifi-cant effect on the crashworthiness of structure,the gradient coefficient has a greater effect on the peak load and crush force efficiency of structure,and the wingding angle of carbon fiber composite has a smaller effect on the crashworthiness of structure.To obtain the optimal design scheme of gradient hybrid tube,a multi-objective mapping optimization method based on response surface was used to obtain the structural type with significantly improved energy absorption characteristics.

关 键 词：Al-CFRP梯度混合管 压溃性能 比吸能 多目标优化 

分 类 号：TB333[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]