宁波市沿海地区酸雨特征及气象条件分析  

Acid rain characteristics and meteorological conditions in coastal areas of Ningbo

作　　者：常婉婷 徐璐 胡晓 张国超 Chang Wanting;Xu Lu;Hu Xiao;Zhang Guochao(Ningbo Meteorological Observatory,Ningbo 315012;Ningbo Zhenhai Meteorological Bureau,Ningbo 315202)

机构地区：[1]宁波市气象台,浙江宁波315012 [2]宁波市镇海区气象局,浙江宁波315202

出　　处：《环保科技》2022年第4期9-13,64,共6页Environmental Protection and Technology

摘　　要：结合气象条件对宁波镇海环境监测站2003—2020年的酸雨监测数据进行了分析。结果表明2003—2013年宁波沿海酸雨污染较为严重,而后逐年改善。酸雨月、季变化明显,月均降水pH值3月到8月逐渐升高,9月至3月逐渐下降,季均降水平均pH值由小到大排序为冬季、春季、秋季和夏季。弱酸性以上的酸雨发生频率呈现同样的变化规律。酸雨中硫酸根的浓度除个别年份,2006年起呈现逐年下降的趋势,而硝酸根的浓度相对稳定,目前宁波沿海的酸雨污染为“硫酸硝酸混合型”。平均降水pH值与当日平均风速呈现正相关,与过程降水量呈显著负相关。偏东风下酸雨污染相对最轻微,污染最明显的为偏北风。偏北风相对于偏南风会带来更多输入性的污染,同时偏西风对硫酸性污染的输入也有利。Combined with meteorological conditions, the acid rain monitoring data of Ningbo Zhenhai Environmental Monitoring Station from 2003 to 2020 were analyzed. The results showed that the acid rain pollution along the coast of Ningbo was relatively serious from 2003 to 2013, and then it improved year by year. The monthly and seasonal changes of acid rain are obvious. The average pH value of monthly precipitation gradually increases from March to August, and gradually decreases from September to March. The average pH value of seasonal precipitation is sorted in descending order of winter, spring, autumn and summer. The frequency of acid rain above weak acidity shows the same seasonal change pattern. The concentration of sulfateion in acid rain has been declining year by year since 2006, except for individual years, while the concentration of nitrate ion is relatively stable. At present, the acid rain pollution along the coast of Ningbo is a mixed type of sulfuric acid and nitric acid. The average pH value is positively correlated with the average wind speed of the day, and is significantly negatively correlated with process precipitation. The acid rain pollution under easterly winds is relatively mild, and the most obvious pollution is northerly winds. The northerly wind will bring more imported pollution than the southerly wind, and the westerly wind will also be beneficial to the input of sulfuric acid pollution.

关 键 词：宁波 酸雨监测 气象要素 

分 类 号：P431[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] X823[环境科学与工程—环境工程]