高校公寓部分疏散通道失效下的人员疏散行为及其消防管理对策研究  

Research on personnel evacuation behavior and fire management countermeasures under the failure of some evacuation channels in university apartments

作　　者：张媛媛[1] 宋冰[1] 王垚磊[1] 瞿望[1] 杨五勤 Zhang Yuanyuan;Song Bing;Wang Yaolei;Qu Wang;Yang Wuqin(China University of Mining and Technology,Jiangsu Xuzhou 221116)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《今日消防》2022年第8期9-11,共3页

基　　金：中国高等教育学会保卫学专业委员会2021年度“高校保卫科学研究”课题资助;项目名称:基于物联网与DNN深度神经网络的高校宿舍楼火灾风险调查及自评估关键技术研究;项目编号:21BWZD007。

摘　　要：由于管理以及实际维护等问题,高校公寓疏散通道往往存在部分功能失效的情况。基于Pathfinder三维动态仿真疏散模拟软件研究了高校公寓人员疏散行为并提出了相应的对策措施。研究发现,相同情况下,女生公寓楼的整体疏散时间要比男生用时长6.8%;安全出口失效的情况下,疏散效率下降最大达到77.9%,整体疏散行动时间增加23.7%;一部疏散楼梯失效下,整体疏散时间增加13.9%。可见确保疏散通道的畅通对发生火灾时的疏散至关重要。此外,研究还发现应急演练下学生整体疏散时间比模拟时间多出约2 min,说明学生思想上没有高度重视,紧张度不够,需要加强安全应急教育。相关研究结论对高校公寓消防管理具有一定的借鉴意义。Due to management and actual maintenance problems,the evacuation channels of university apartments often have some functional failures.Based on Pathfinder three-dimensional dynamic simulation evacuation simulation software,the evacuation behavior of university apartment personnel was studied and corresponding countermeasures were put forward.The study found that under the same conditions,the overall evacuation time of the female apartment building was 6.8%longer than that of the male;when the safety exit failed,the evacuation efficiency dropped by 77.9%,and the overall evacuation time increased by 23.7%;when an evacuation staircase failed,the overall evacuation time increased by 13.9%.So,it is crucial to ensure the smooth flow of evacuation channels for evacuation in the event of a fire.In addition,the study also found that the overall evacuation time of students during the emergency drill was about 2 minutes longer than the simulation time.It shows that the students do not attach great importance to their ideology,the tension is not enough,and it is necessary to strengthen the safety emergency education.The relevant research conclusions have certain references significance for the fire management of university apartments.

关 键 词：高校公寓 火灾 数值模拟 疏散行为 消防管理 

分 类 号：TU998.1[建筑科学—市政工程]