结缕草属植物表型多样性分析及优异种质筛选  

Phenotypic Diversity Analysis of Zoysia Willd.and Screening of the Excellent Germplasm Resources

作　　者：郑荣佳 孔维一 冯嘉欣 郑轶琦[2] 叶刚 沈泽宇 刘建秀[1] 郭海林[1] ZHENG Rong-jia;KONG Wei-yi;FENG Jia-xin;ZHENG Yi-qi;YE Gang;SHEN Ze-yu;LIU Jian-xiu;GUO Hai-lin(Institute of Botany,Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing,Jiangsu Province 210014,China;Henan University of Science and Techonlogy,Luoyang,Henan Province 471000,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省中国科学院植物研究所南京中山植物园,江苏南京210014 [2]河南科技大学,河南洛阳471000

出　　处：《草地学报》2022年第9期2325-2335,共11页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：中央财政林业科技推广示范资金项目(苏[2021]TG02);江苏省中国科学院植物研究所博士人才科研启动基金项目(JIBTF202211);江苏省青年科学基金项目(BK20190274)资助。

摘　　要：为了解结缕草属植物(Zoysia Willd.)表型多样性,筛选优异的育种亲本,本文以144份结缕草属种质资源为试验材料,对其22个性状进行变异系数、多样性指数、主成分和聚类分析。结果表明:结缕草属植物表型性状变异大,尤其是穗颈长、花序密度、叶片上表面茸毛密度和草层密度;各性状的遗传多样性较丰富,其多样性指数变幅为0.40~4.95;在不同种结缕草种中,杂交结缕草的变异系数最大,而日本结缕草的多样性指数最高。主成分分析将22个性状归为5个主成分,累积贡献率为67.32%。聚类分析将144份试验材料分成4类,其中第Ⅰ和第Ⅱ类群具有优异的生殖性状,而第Ⅲ和第Ⅳ类群的坪用性状较好,从中筛选出具有种子生产潜力的12份材料和坪用质量高的6份材料。本研究为选育高产优质结缕草新品种奠定基础。To understand the phenotypic diversity of zoysiagrass(Zoysia Willd.),22traits of 144germplasm resources were measured in the study,contributing to selecting the excellent germplasm resources with good turf quality and high seed yield.By analysis of the coefficient of variation,diversity index,principal component,and cluster,the large phenotypic variation of zoysiagrass was presented,especially the traits of panicle exertion,panicle exertion inflorescence density,leaf adaxial trichome density,and turf density.And the genetic diversity of traits was abundant,the diversity index of which varied from 0.40to 4.95.Among the germplasm resources,hybrid Zoysia had the largest variation and Zoysia japonica showed the highest genetic diversity.All traits were classified into five principal components and their cumulative contribution rate was 67.32%.Moreover,144materials were divided into four groups by cluster analysis.GroupⅠandⅡhad excellent reproductive traits,while the other two groups had outstanding turf traits.Then,12resources with high seed yield and 6resources with high turf quality were screened.These excellent germplasm resources will be used as the parents for breeding new cultivars of zoysiagrass.

关 键 词：结缕草属 表型变异 遗传多样性 种子产量 坪用质量 

分 类 号：S939.44[农业科学—渔业资源]