毛苕子不同播种量与燕麦混播对群落竞争及燕麦生物量分配的影响  

Effects of Mixed Sowing of Vetch and Oat on Community Competition and Biomass Allocation of Oats

作　　者：冯琴 王斌 海艺蕊 王腾飞 倪旺 邓建强 李满有 兰剑[1,2] FENG Qin;WANG Bin;HAI Yi-rui;WANG Teng-fei;NI Wang;DENG Jian-qiang;LI Man-you;LAN Jian(College of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China;Ningxia Grass and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Center,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏草牧业工程技术研究中心,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《草地学报》2022年第9期2423-2429,共7页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：“一年两熟”人工草地可持续发展模式研究与示范项目(2020BBF02001),宁夏高等学校一流学科建设(草学学科)项目(NXYLXK2017A01)资助。

摘　　要：为探究宁夏干旱区燕麦与毛苕子混播的最佳播种量,本试验以燕麦(Avena sativa)和毛苕子(Vicia villosa)为研究对象,采用单因素随机区组设计,设五个毛苕子播种水平[33.0kg·hm^(-2)(YM_(1))、45.0kg·hm^(-2)(YM_(2))、57.0 kg·hm^(-2)(YM_(3)),69.0kg·hm^(-2)(YM_(4))和81.0kg·hm^(-2)(YM_(5))]与燕麦(播种量为120.0kg·hm^(-2))混播,研究了不同播种量的毛苕子与燕麦混播对草地生产性能、燕麦生物量分配及群落竞争的影响。结果表明,YM_(1),YM_(2),YM_(3)和YM_(5)处理的混播草地干草产量均高于燕麦单播,其中在YM_(2)处理下干草产量达到最高(12424.24 kg·hm^(-2)),较燕麦和毛苕子单播分别提高了15.83%,63.18%;随着毛苕子播种量的增加,燕麦各器官生物量均发生显著变化(P<0.05),其中在YM_(3)处理下燕麦单株地上生物量和总生物量最大;同时在各混播处理中,燕麦在混播草地中处于竞争优势;除YM_(4)外各混播处理的土地当量比均大于1。综合来看,当毛苕子播种量为45.0 kg·hm^(-2)时与燕麦混播草地生产力提高效果显著,土地利用率最大,是宁夏干旱区滴灌条件与燕麦混播的最佳播种量。To explore the best sowing rate of oat and vetch mixed sowing in the arid area of Ningxia,this experiment took oat(Avena sativa)and vetch(Vicia villosa)as experimental subjects,and used a single factor randomized block design.Five sowing levels of vetch[33.0kg·hm^(-2)(YM_(1)),45.0kg·hm^(-2)(YM_(2)),57.0kg·hm^(-2)(YM_(3)),69kg·hm^(-2),(YM_(4))and 81.0kg·hm^(-2)(YM_(5))]were mixed with oats(120.0 kg·hm^(-2))to study the effects of different sowing rates of vetch and oats on grassland production performance,oat biomass allocation,and community competition.The results showed that the dry grass yield of mixed grasslands under YM_(1),YM_(2),YM_(3),and YM_(5) treatments were higher than that of oat monoculture,and the dry grass yield under YM_(2) treatment reached the highest(12424.24kg·hm^(-2)),which were 15.83%and 63.18%higher than that of oat monoculture and vetch monoculture,respectively.With the increase in vetch seeding amount,the biomass of each organ of oat changed significantly(P<0.05),and the aboveground biomass per plant and total biomass of oat were the largest under YM_(3) treatment.At the same time in the mixed sowing treatment,oats in the mixed grassland in a competitive advantage.Except YM_(4),the land equivalent ratio of each mixed sowing treatment was greater than 1.In summary,when the sowing rate of vetch was 45.0kg·hm^(-2),the productivity of mixed sowing grassland with oats increased significantly,and the land utilization rate was the largest,which was the best sowing rate of drip irrigation and oat mixed sowing in arid areas of Ningxia.

关 键 词：毛苕子 燕麦 混播 生物量分配 群落竞争 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]