氟啶胺在三七中的降解行为及安全性评价  

Degradation behavior and safety evaluation of fluazinam in Panax notoginseng

作　　者：李文希[1] 代雪芳[1] 张雪燕[1] 浦恩堂[1] LI Wen-xi;DAI Xue-fang;ZHANG Xue-yan;PU En-tang(Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所,昆明650205

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2022年第7期1680-1689,共10页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省应用基础研究计划项目(2018FD125)。

摘　　要：【目的】旨在明确氟啶胺在三七上的降解行业和残留风险,为氟啶胺的安全使用提供依据。【方法】2018年在云南省沾益、石林、弥勒、丘北开展了氟啶胺在三七上的规范残留试验,并建立了三七中氟啶胺的超高效液相色谱—串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)残留分析方法。【结果】氟啶胺在三七和土壤基质中的回收率为82%~103%,相对标准偏差(RSDs)为1%~13%,定量限(LOQs)为0.01~0.02 mg/kg。消解动态试验结果表明,氟啶胺在三七植株上的半衰期为6.5~7.4 d,在土壤中的半衰期为20.0~30.1 d,在根际土壤和三七根系中的消解不符合一级动力学反应模型。最终残留试验结果表明,将50%氟啶胺悬浮剂分别按其有效成分250和375 g/hm^(2)的剂量喷雾施药3~4次,施药间隔为7 d,末次施药后7、14、21 d三七块根中氟啶胺的残留量均<1 mg/kg,三七须根中氟啶胺的残留量均<2 mg/kg,膳食摄入风险评估结果显示,氟啶胺的国家估算每日摄入量(NEDI)为0.45 mg,风险概率(RQ)为71.4%,对一般人群健康不会产生不可接受的风险。【结论】氟啶胺在作物和环境中属于易于降解的农药,目前中国制定氟啶胺在三七块根中的最大残留量(MRL值)为1 mg/kg,三七须根中的MRL值为2 mg/kg,采用50%氟啶胺悬浮剂防治三七病害时,建议按照最高推荐剂量有效成分250 g/hm^(2)最多施药3次,安全采收间隔期为7 d。【Objective】The study aimed to clarify the degradation behavior and residual risk of fluazinam on Pamax notoginseng,and to provide a theoretical busis for the sate use of fluazinam.【Method】In 2018, controlled field application of fluazinam on P. notoginsengwere carried out inexperimental sites in Zhanyi, Shilin, Mile and Qiubei of Yunnan province. To detect and quantify fluazinamin P. notoginseng, an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS) method was established.【Result】The recovery efficiency of fluazinam in P. notoginseng and soil ranged from 82% to 103% with relative standard deviations(RSDs) of 1%-13% and limits of quantification(LOQ) of 0.01-0.02 mg/kg. The results of dissipation dynamic experiments indicated that the half-lifeof fluazinam in P. notoginseng plants were 6.5-7.4 days, and the half-lifein soils were 20.0-30.1 days, but the degradation of fluazinam in rhizosphere soils and roots of P. notoginseng were not consistent with the first-order kinetic model. The ultimate residue experiments showed that 50% fluazinam suspension applied at doses of 250 g/hm^(2)and 375 g/hmfor 3-4 times with an interval of 7 days, at 7, 14, and 21 days after the last application the residues of fluazinam were below 1 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg in rhizome and root hair, respectively. The results of the dietary intake risk assessment revealed that the national estimated daily intake(NEDI) of fluazinam was 0.45 mg, with a risk quotient(RQ) of 71.4%, will be a posean unacceptable risk to the health of the general population. 【Conclusion】Fluazinam is easy to be degraded in crops and environment. At present, the Maximum Residue Level(MRL values) of fluazinam isset at 1 and 2 mg/kg in rhizome and root hair of P. notoginseng in China, respectively. When using 50% fluazinam suspension to control P. notoginseng diseases, it is recommended to apply at the most effective dose of 250 g/hm^(2) and up to 3 times, and the safe pre-harvest interval is 7 days.

关 键 词：氟啶胺 三七 残留 降解 风险评估 

分 类 号：P285[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]