多特征小型零件并联数控加工方法的研究与应用  

Research and Application of Method of Multi-feature Small Parts Parallel CNC Machining

作　　者：张宗芳 霍晓佩 赵江 王延佳 樊颖慧 郭华锋 ZHANG Zongfang;HUO Xiaopei;ZHAO Jiang;WANG Yanjia;FAN Yinghui;GUO Huafeng(Northern Institute of Automatic Control Technology,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]北方自动控制技术研究所,山西太原030006

出　　处：《新技术新工艺》2022年第8期26-29,共4页New Technology & New Process

摘　　要：针对科研院所小型零件产品种类多、装夹工序复杂、加工效率低的瓶颈问题,首先结合小型零件产品特点,从零件装夹、基准选取、工序划分等多个方面进行了工艺分析,对传统单序加工和并联矩阵数控加工进行了对比分析。然后结合小型零件的共性特征,通过自主设计工装夹具,优化改进工艺思路,提出了一种并联矩阵式数控加工方法,该方法可实现多个共性特征小型零件的快速装夹、定位,装夹方式灵活多变,更具柔性化,有效保证了零件装夹质量,提高了装夹效率,进而缩短了工序准备时间,提高了整体加工效率。经实践验证,一次装夹便可完成多种或多个族类小型零件的加工,相比单件加工装夹次数可减少4~5次,加工效率提高了近1倍,该方法为小型零件的多件加工技术提供了一定的借鉴思路,具有较高的推广应用价值。Aiming at the bottleneck problems of many types of small parts products,complex clamping processes and low processing efficiency of scientific research institutes,we firstly combined with the characteristics of small parts products,conducted process analysis from multiple aspects of parts clamping,benchmark selection and process division,and compared and analyzed between traditional single-sequence machining and parallel matrix CNC machining.Then combining with the common characteristics of small parts,through the independent design of tooling fixtures,optimization and improvement of process ideas,we put forward a parallel matrix CNC machining method,which could achieve multiple common characteristics of small parts of the rapid clamping,positioning,clamping method flexible and flexible,so effectively ensured the quality of parts clamping,improved the clamping efficiency,further shortened the process preparation time,and improved the overall processing efficiency.Practical verification showed that a clamping could complete a variety of or more families of small parts of the processing,comparing with the single piece of processing,clamping could be reduced by 4~5 times,the processing efficiency was increased nearly doubled.The method provided a certain reference idea for small parts of the multi-part processing technology,and had a better promotion and application value.

关 键 词：并联加工 工艺优化 效率提升 工装 

分 类 号：V261[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]