浅论中国亚热带遥感现状、任务与创新发展途径  

On subtropical remote sensing in China:Research status,key tasks and innovative development approaches

作　　者：吴立新[1] 孙根云[2] 苗则朗 张爱竹[2] 冯徽徽 胡俊[1] 杨泽发[1] 王威[1] 陈必焰[1] 汤玉奇 WU Lixin;SUN Genyun;MIAO Zelang;ZHANG Aizhu;FENG Huihui;HU Jun;YANG Zefa(WANG Wei1,CHEN Biyan1,TANG Yuqi11.School of Geoscience and Info-Physics,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;College of Oceanography and Space Informatics,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao 266580,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学地球科学与信息物理学院,长沙410083 [2]中国石油大学(华东)海洋与空间信息学院,青岛266580

出　　处：《遥感学报》2022年第8期1483-1503,共21页NATIONAL REMOTE SENSING BULLETIN

基　　金：国家基础科学中心项目(编号:72088101);国家自然科学基金(编号:41930108,41971292)。

摘　　要：中国亚热带区域覆盖范围广,面积达240万km2。区内不仅自然景观复杂,多云多雨、多山多林,生物多样性丰富、是中国稻米主产区,而且多河多湖、多矿多污,生态环境十分敏感、自然灾害多发频发,迫切需要利用遥感技术监测其自然资源、环境变化与灾害现象。虽然近年来国内外已逐渐开展亚热带遥感应用研究,但缺乏对亚热带遥感理论与方法的系统性研究,共性与科学问题尚不明晰。本文总结分析了中国亚热带遥感的3个基本特征,按遥感数据类型梳理了中国亚热带遥感的应用实践;进而归纳出中国亚热带遥感实践的4个共性问题,指出亚热带遥感核心元素的主要特点、地理对象的复杂性与遥感信息的病态性,提出中国亚热带遥感的4项重点任务;然后,分析了当今中国亚热带遥感发展的历史机遇,阐述了中国亚热带遥感的创新发展途径,包括厘清人地现象的动态特征、聚焦亚热带遥感的科学问题、攻克不同层面的关键难题、结合应用需求开展技术攻关与重点研发。论文旨在推动亚热带遥感应用的创新发展、促进亚热带遥感理论与技术体系形成,进而助力卫星及航空遥感更好地服务于中国亚热带地区的资源环境监测、区域防灾减灾、生态文明建设与“双碳”目标。The subtropical region of China covers a vast area with special and unique geographical characteristics. Typical geographical characteristics include complex natural landscape with a mass of mountains and forests, cloudy and rainy climate, and rich biodiversity. And the subtropical region is the major producing areas of rice in China. Moreover, the subtropical region has abundant rivers, lakes, and mineral resources, which induce the sewage from the mining area spread widely along the river basins. All these geographical characteristics lead to high ecological environment sensitivity and frequent natural disasters of subtropical region in China. The characteristics of remote sensing for large range of rapid observation make it essential for precise monitoring of natural resources and environmental disasters in the wide subtropical region. Furthermore, it is urgent to develop special remote sensing theory and technology for subtropical region in China, so as to support the sustainable development and ecological civilization construction. In recent years, many researchers have gradually paid their attention to the subtropical satellite remote sensing. Internationally, the research topics mainly include land use cover change, urban environmental monitoring, wetland mapping, earthquake damage and its secondary disaster monitoring, water quality monitoring, vegetation biomass inversion, and aerosol parameter inversion and so on. In China, scholars mainly focus on some specific applications, such as flood disaster monitoring, mangrove monitoring, and forest degradation etc. These works provide abundant cases and raw materials for the formation and development of the theoretical system of subtropical remote sensing. However, most of the current studies just concentrated on some particular objects, local areas, or specific problems. So far, the theory and technology system of subtropical remote sensing is still in its infancy, and lacks in systematic analysis on characteristics of research status, fundamental problems an

关 键 词：亚热带遥感 地理对象 遥感信息 资源环境 自然灾害 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]