不同补种方法对宿根蔗的效果研究  

Study on the Effect of Different Reseeding Methods on Sugarcane

作　　者：吴建明[1] 陈荣发[1] 丘立杭[1] 范业赓[1] 李燕娇 邓宇驰[1] 闫海峰[1] 周慧文[1] 周忠凤[1] 李傲梅 WU Jianming;CHEN Rongfa;QIU Lihang;FAN Yegeng;LI Yanjiao;DENG Yuchi;YAN Haifeng;ZHOU Huiwen;ZHOU Zhongfeng;LI Aomei(Sugarcane Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Guangxi Sugarcane Genetic Improvement,Nanning,Guangxi 530007;Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi 530007)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院甘蔗研究所/农业农村部广西甘蔗生物技术与遗传改良重点实验室/广西甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室/中国农业科学院甘蔗研究中心,广西南宁530007 [2]广西壮族自治区农业科学院,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《甘蔗糖业》2022年第4期7-12,共6页Sugarcane and Canesugar

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系广西甘蔗创新团队建设(nycytxgxcxtd-2021-03);广西科技基地和人才专项(桂科AD19245080);中国科学院专项研发与联合攻关项目(KFJ-STS-QYZD-199-2)。

摘　　要：为明确不同补种方法对宿根蔗的效果,本试验于2017~2020年在3个不同地方开展,以桂糖42号、桂糖58号和桂柳05-136为试验材料,设置单芽育苗、催芽、脱毒组培苗原苗3种不同方法补种宿根蔗试验。结果表明:①不同补种方法对甘蔗的株高和茎径均没有影响;②单芽育苗补种第1年宿根后3年宿根甘蔗的有效茎数和产量分别比对照高4155条/hm^(2)和7965.30 kg/hm^(2)、14370条/hm^(2)和13554.6 kg/hm^(2)、15240条/hm^(2)和18252.45 kg/hm^(2),单芽育苗补种第2年宿根甘蔗的有效茎数和产量分别比对照高8040条/hm^(2)和13286.55 kg/hm^(2);③催芽补种宿根当年甘蔗有效茎数和产量分别高于对照480条/hm^(2)和3238.2 kg/hm^(2),差异不显著;④脱毒组培苗原苗补种处理的当年宿根甘蔗有效茎数和产量分别高于对照1590条/hm^(2)和10060.05 kg/hm^(2)。本试验结合前人研究结果可说明,不同补种方法有其优势也有其劣势,补种要根据宿根年限、品种特性、水源条件、土壤条件、人工成本、经济效益等因素选择最适宜的补种方法,才能从根本上解决甘蔗宿根年限短的问题。To verify the effect of different reseeding methods on ratoon cane,this experiment was carried out in three different areas from 2017 to 2020.Elite varieties‘Guitang 42’,‘Guitang 58’and‘Guiliu 05-136’were used,and three different reseeding methods,namely single bud cultivation,bud accelerating and original seedling reseeding of virus-free tissue culture seedling were applied.The results showed that:①Different reseeding methods didn’t affect the height and stem diameter of sugarcane;②In the next three years after reseeding in one-year ratoon cane by using single bud cultivation,the effective stem number and yield of sugarcane with persistent roots were 4155 stalks/hm^(2) and 7965.30 kg/hm^(2),14370 stalks/hm^(2) and 13554.6 kg/hm^(2),and 15240 stalks/hm^(2)and 18252.45 kg/hm^(2) more than those of the control cane.The effective stem number and yield of sugarcane in the second year ratoon cane(reseeding by using single bud cultivation)were 8040 stalks/hm^(2) and 13286.55 kg/hm^(2),which higher than those of the control,respectively.③The effective stem and yield of ratoon cane(reseeding by using bud acceleration)in the planting year,were higher than those of the control(480 stalks/hm^(2) and 3238.2 kg/hm^(2)),but the difference was not significant.④The effective stem and yield of sugarcane(reseeding by using virus-free tissue culture seedling)were 1590 stalks/hm^(2) and 10060.05 kg/hm^(2),respectively.From this experiment and the results of previous studies,we can know that different reseeding methods both have specific advantages and disadvantages,and the most suitable reseeding method should be selected according to factors such as perennial root years,variety characteristics,water source conditions and soil conditions,so as to fundamentally solve the problem of short perennial roots of sugarcane.

关 键 词：宿根蔗 补种 育苗 催芽 脱毒组培苗 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]