黑河源区退化草地恢复过程中土壤磷养分及其调控因子  

Study on soil phosphorus nutrient and its regulatory factors during the restoration of degraded grassland in the source region of Heihe River

作　　者：苏世锋 李世雄[1] 赵文 董怡玲 刘晶晶 杜世丽 尹亚丽 SU Shifeng;LI Shixiong;ZHAO Wen;DONG Yiling;LIU Jingjing;DU Shili;YIN Yali(Academy of Animal and Veterinary Science,Qinghai University/Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Science,Xining 810016,Qinghai,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学畜牧兽医科学院/青海省畜牧兽医科学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《草业科学》2022年第8期1562-1570,共9页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：青海省重大专项(2019-SF-A3-1)。

摘　　要：为探究不同恢复方式对退化草地土壤磷养分含量变化的影响,本研究以黑河源区的单播和混播栽培草地为研究对象,以未退化草地和极重度退化草地为对照,对草地植被特征、土壤物理性质及土壤磷养分变化规律进行分析。结果表明:栽培草地的建植显著提高了极重度退化草地植被的地上、地下生物量,且混播草地的植被多样性优于单播草地;而单播草地的土壤磷养分(全磷、有机磷、速效磷、微生物生物量磷)含量均优于混播草地。约束排序偏分析结果表明,土壤物理性质是影响土壤磷养分含量的主要因子。相关性分析结果显示,草地土壤含水量、土壤黏粒、土壤毛管孔隙度均与土壤速效磷含量显著相关。采用单播恢复的栽培草地土壤含水量、土壤黏粒、土壤毛管孔隙度均优于混播草地。综上,人工恢复是快速治理极重度退化草地的有效措施,且采用单播恢复的栽培草地在土壤磷养分恢复方面相对稳定,但尚未恢复到未退化草地的状态,后期应持续加强对栽培草地的管理。To explore the response of different restoration methods to changes in soil phosphorus nutrient content of degraded grassland, this research investigated unicast and mixed cultivated grassland in the source area of the Heihe River,and compared non-degraded grassland with extremely degraded grassland in terms of characteristics of grassland vegetation and soil. The results showed that established cultivated grassland significantly increased the above-ground and below-ground biomass compared with extremely degraded grassland, and the vegetation diversity of mixed grass was better than that of single grass. The amount of phosphorus nutrient(total phosphorus, organic phosphorus, available phosphorus, and microbial biomass phosphorus) in the soil of single-sown grassland was greater than that in the mixed-sown grassland. Partial methods showed that changes in soil physical properties are the main factors affecting soil phosphorus nutrient. The results of correlation analysis also showed that the soil water content, clay content, and capillary porosity of the grassland were significantly correlated with the amount of available phosphorus, and that these three characteristics were greater in grassland established by single-sowing than by mixed-sowing. Comprehensive analysis results showed that artificial restoration is an effective measure to quickly control extremely degraded grassland. Cultivated grassland from unicast establishment is relatively stable in terms of soil phosphorus nutrient restoration, but cannot been restored to the state of non-degraded grassland. The management of cultivated grassland should be continuously strengthened.

关 键 词：黑河源区 退化草地 人工恢复 植被群落 土壤磷养分 

分 类 号：S812.6[农业科学—草业科学]