紫花苜蓿密度及禾豆混播方式下草地生产性能及光合特性  

Grassland production performance and photosynthetic characteristics under different alfalfa densities and grass bean mixed sowing

作　　者：滕泽 张永亮[1] 张玉霞[1,2] 于铁峰 陈卫东 孙昊 刘欢[1] 唐玉婷 TENG Ze;ZHANG Yongliang;ZHANG Yuxia;YU Tiefeng;CHEN Weidong;SUN Hao;LIU Huan;TANG Yuting(College of Agriculture,Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities,Tongliao 028041,Inner Mongolia,China;Institute of Ecological Environment and Green Development,Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities,Tongliao 028000,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古民族大学农学院,内蒙古通辽028041 [2]内蒙古民族大学生态环境与绿色发展研究所,内蒙古通辽028000

出　　处：《草业科学》2022年第8期1618-1627,共10页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31960352)。

摘　　要：以紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)与无芒雀麦(Bromus inermis)间行(A_(1))和交叉(A_(2))混播两种方式建植草地并确定8个紫花苜蓿种群密度(5、15、25、35、45、55、65和75株·m^(−2),分别记为B_(1)、B_(2)、B_(3)、B_(4)、B_(5)、B_(6)、B_(7)和B_(8))混播为对象,通过测定全年及各茬次产量及头茬禾草生长特性、光合特性,研究混播方式和紫花苜蓿种群密度对牧草产量、生长特性及光合特性的影响,以期为科尔沁沙地混播草地建设提供理论依据。结果表明:交叉混播禾草产量、生长特性、水分利用率、叶绿素含量、类胡萝卜素含量显著高于间行混播(P<0.05),间行混播1茬、全年苜蓿、禾豆产量、气孔导度、胞间CO_(2)浓度及蒸腾速率显著高于交叉混播(P<0.05)。B_(1)和B_(3)全年禾草产量显著高于B_(4)~B_(8)(P<0.05),B_(6)全年紫花苜蓿及禾-豆产量显著高于B_(1)、B_(2)和B_(3)(P<0.05)。B_(3)处理禾草光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率最高。综上所述,在科尔沁沙地无芒雀麦草地上交叉混播紫花苜蓿15~25株·m^(−2),混播群落稳定性较好,间行混播紫花苜蓿45~55株·m^(−2)全年禾豆总产量较高。A grassland was established by interrow(A) and cross-row(A) seeding of alfalfa(Medicago sativa) and brome(Bromus inermis) with eight different alfalfa population densities(5,15,25,35,45,55,65,and 75 seeds·m,denoted as B,B,B,B,B,B,B,and B,respectively).The annual and individual stubble yields and the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of the first stubble grass were measured to study the effect of the mixed planting method and alfalfa population density on forage yield,growth characteristics,and photosynthetic characteristics.The results showed that the yield,growth characteristics,water use efficiency,chlorophyll content,and carotenoid content of cross-sown grass were significantly higher than those of inter-row mixed sowing(P<0.05).Conductivity,intercellular COconcentration,and transpiration rate were significantly higher than those of the cross-row seeding(P<0.01).The annual grass yields of Band B3 were significantly higher than those of B~B(P<0.01),and the annual yields of alfalfa and grass-bean in Bwas significantly higher than those of B,B,and B(P<0.01).The Btreatment resulted in the highest photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,and transpiration rate.In summary,the stability of cross-sown alfalfa at 15~25 seeds·min the brome grassland in Horqin Sandy Land was good,and the total yield of peas was high in the inter-row mixed-sowing with 45~55 alfalfa seeds·m.

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿种群密度 混播方式 牧草产量 生长特性 光合生理特性 无芒雀麦 群落稳定性 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]