分子伴侣Hsp70变构机制及其在水生动物中的应用研究进展  

Advances in allosteric mechanism and potential application of Hsp70 molecular chaperones in aquaculture animals:a review

作　　者：张翔 王祖峰[1] ZHANG Xiang;WANG Zufeng(National Fisheries Technology Extension Center,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100125,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部全国水产技术推广总站,北京100125

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2022年第4期707-718,共12页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新”项目(2020YFD0900102)。

摘　　要：Hsp70(热休克蛋白70,heat shock protein 70)是一种分子伴侣蛋白,广泛存在于原核和真核等生物中,在分子伴侣网络中处于核心位置,几乎参与蛋白从合成、折叠、组装到降解的全过程,还具有抗逆境胁迫等多种功能,与其他分子伴侣合作维持细胞蛋白内稳态(protein homeostasis)和生物体健康。本文综述了Hsp70分子内变构机制、Hsp70与底物的相互作用、Hsp70变构机制与其诸多功能的联系,以及Hsp70在水生动物抗逆/病中的潜在应用,针对目前研究中存在的主要问题,提出未来应加强对Hsp70在原位环境中的变构机制、水生动物Hsp70变构机制、Hsp70参与水生动物抗逆/病生理过程和分子机制的研究,以及拓展Hsp70在水生动物育种、免疫强化、抑制细胞凋亡和药物靶点的应用研究等,以期为进一步认识Hsp70家族蛋白多功能作用机制,促进Hsp70在水生动物的应用研究提供科学参考。Hsp70(heat shock protein 70)chaperons found throughout prokaryotes and eukaryotes as well as others act as a central hub in cellular chaperone network,participating in a wide range of cellular functions during virtually the whole life process from synthesis to degradation of proteins,such as assisting in the folding of newly synthesized proteins,the handing over of proteins and the disassembling of protein complexes.Hsp70 s are also involved in a number of stress resistance functions,thus maintaining cellular protein homeostasis and organism health,together with other chaperones.In this article,we reviewed the allosteric conformational mechanism of Hsp70,interaction between Hsp70 and substrates,relationship of the allosteric conformations with the diverse functions of Hsp70,and potential application of Hsp70 in resistance to stresses and diseases in aquaculture animals.Major challenges in Hsp70 study were described.We suggest that in vivo study should be enhanced on elucidating Hsp70 allosteric conformation in future.It is quite a need to address Hsp70 in aquaculture animals and to elucidate the allosteric conformation of Hsp70,to dissect the physiological processes,to reveal the mechanism underlying the resistance to stresses and diseases involving Hsp70,and to further the study on application of Hsp70 in breeding,immunity enhancement,apoptosis inhibition,and potential drug target site.Our purpose is to provide helpful reference for further understanding on allosteric conformational mechanism underpinning the diverse functions of Hsp70 and for facilitating the application of Hsp70 in aquaculture animals.

关 键 词：生物大分子 热休克蛋白70 分子伴侣 变构机制 水生动物抗逆 蛋白内稳态 蛋白折叠 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学] Q71[生物学—分子生物学]