《民法典》可撤销婚姻制度的完善——以《民法典》第1053条为中心  

Perfection of the system of revocable marriage in the Civil Code——Centered on Article 1053 of the Civil Code

作　　者：赵盈瑾 Zhao Yingjin(China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学,北京100088

出　　处：《辽宁公安司法管理干部学院学报》2022年第5期89-95,共7页Journal of Liaoning Administrators College of Police and Justice

基　　金：2021年国家社科基金重大项目“民法典编纂的内部与外部体系研究”(项目编号:18ZDA141)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：《民法典》将重大疾病纳入可撤销婚姻制度当中,既扩充完善了婚姻可撤销的事由,也带来解释上的分歧。一方面,疾病对婚姻效力的影响由违反公益要件转为私益要件,规范意旨与《母婴保健法》不相协调,需通过目的解释进行转化适用,并扩张解释疾病的外延种类;另一方面,仅依据《民法典》对疾病进行认定,存在规则供给不足的问题,应参照保险等行业标准,以是否影响婚姻意愿和目的实现为基础,涵盖对夫妻婚后身体、精神、物质等各方面的共同生活造成影响的身体和精神类疾病。此外,在判定婚姻效力时,还须考虑当事人是否尽到注意义务、患病方是否尽到告知义务、是否存在撤销权消灭的事由。The“Civil Code”includes major diseases into the system of revocable marriage,which not only expands and improves the reasons for revocable marriage,but also brings about differences in interpretation.On the one hand,the influence of disease on the validity of marriage has changed from the element violating the public interest to the element of private interest,whose normative intent is not in harmony with the“Law on Maternal and Infant Health Care”,which needs to be transformed and applied through purpose explanation,and the extension types of diseases should be expanded and explained;on the other hand,only based on the“Civil Code”to identify diseases,there is a problem of insufficient supply of rules,should refer to insurance and other industry standards,based on whether it affects the will and purpose of marriage,covering physical and psychiatric disorders that affect the physical,mental,material and other aspects of the couple after marriage.In addition,when judging the validity of marriage,it is also necessary to consider whether the parties have fulfilled their duty of care,whether the sick party has fulfilled their duty of notification and whether there is a reason for the elimination of the right of revocation.

关 键 词：婚姻无效 婚姻可撤销 重大疾病 目的解释 

分 类 号：D923.9[政治法律—民商法学]