自贡市3352例职业性尘肺病患者现状分析  

Analysis of occupational pneumoconiosis in Zigong City

作　　者：许寒[1] 王庆元[1] 刘科[1] 龚红月 侯占仙 宝彬彬 XU Han;WANG Qing-yuan;LIU Ke;GONG Hong-yue;HOU Zhan-xian;BAO Bin-bin(Zigong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zigong 643000,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]自贡市疾病预防控制中心,四川自贡643000

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2022年第8期1110-1115,共6页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的 了解和掌握自贡市职业性尘肺病患者的基本情况,为下一步尘肺病防治及保障、救治措施提供数据支撑和科学建议。方法 收集截至2020年底自贡市职业性尘肺病患者的分布、生存、死亡等相关信息,采用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计学分析,采用方差分析、Kaplan-Meier分析和Cox回归分析不同期别的发病工龄的差异、发病年龄的差异、不同期别的生存时间差异,检验水准α=0.05。结果 共调查3 352例尘肺病患者,完成随访3 028例,其中现生存1 959例,死亡1 069例,失访324例,壹期2 426例,贰期812例,叁期114例;病种主要是煤工尘肺2 757例,其次是矽肺514例;发病年龄集中在40~<50 岁,1 381 例;发病工龄以 10~<15 年最多,788 例;现存活患者以 50~<60 岁为主,944 例;失访患者以≥80 岁为主,276 例;患者主要分布行业为煤炭开采和洗选业,2 806 例,其次为建筑业,155 例;Kaplan-Meier 分析提示,不同期别的尘肺病患者生存时间不同,壹期为(29.70±0.49)年,贰期为(25.49±0.60)年,叁期为(18.51±0.38)年,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=59.458,ν=1,P<0.000 1);Cox 回归分析提示,期别每严重一个级别,其死亡风险比为 1.335 倍(Waldχ^(2)=28.768,P<0.001)。结论 自贡市职业性尘肺病患者人数和现存患者人数较多,病种以煤工尘肺和矽肺为主要,应加强煤矿、矿山粉尘危害严重企业的监管,应当做好接尘劳动者的职业健康监护工作,做到早发现、早诊断、早调离。Objective To understand the basic situation of occupational pneumoconiosis patients in Zigong City,thus to provide data support and scientific suggestions for the next step of prevention and treatment.Methods Data of number,survival,death and security of occupational pneumoconiosis patients in Zigong city from the founding of The People’s Republic of China to the end of 2020were collected and analyzed.The differences in length of service and age at onset of occupational pneumoconiosis patients in different stages were compared by using one- way AVOVA,and the difference of survival time in different stages was analyzed by using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression analysis conducted by SPSS v22.Results A total of 3 352 patients were investigated,3 028 patients were followed up.1 959 patients survived,1 069 patients died and 324 patients lost to follow- up.There were 2 426 patients in Stage I,812 patients in Stage Ⅱand 114 patients in Stage Ⅲ.2 757 cases were coal worker’s pneumoconiosis,followed by 514 cases of silicosis.The age of onset of most cases (1 381 cases) was 40~<50 years.788 cases had a length of service for 10~<15 years.944 living patients were 50~60 years.276 cases who lost follow- up were mainly ≥80 years.2 806 cases were engaged in coal mining and washing industry,followed by construction industry of 155 cases.The survival time of Stage I was 29.70±0.49 years,the survival time of Stage Ⅱwas 25.49±0.60 years,and the survival time of Stage Ⅲ was 18.51±0.38 years,the difference was statistically significant (χ^(2)=59.458,P<0.000 1) by using Kaplan-Meier analysis.Cox Regression analysis showed that the mortality risk ratio was 1.335 times for an increase in each severity level (Waldχ^(2)=28.768,P<0.001).Conclusions There are many occupational pneumoconiosis patients in Zigong City,and the main types are coal worker’s pneumoconiosis and silicosis.It is necessary to strengthen the supervision of enterprises with serious dust hazards in coal mines.The employer should enhance the mo

关 键 词：职业性尘肺病 现状调查 生存时间 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]