基于Meta分析的4种保护性耕作措施对东北春玉米生长季农田土壤水热环境影响  

Effects of four conservation tillages on soil hydrothermal environment during maize growing season in Northeast China:A meta-analysis

作　　者：崔文倩 赵锦[1] 杨晓光[1] CUI Wenqian;ZHAO Jin;YANG Xiaoguang(College of Resourcesand Environment,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2022年第8期24-34,共11页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFA0607402)。

摘　　要：为探究东北水热资源限制下春玉米农田保护性耕作的合理推广,本研究基于44篇已发表文献中的2705对数据,应用Meta分析方法比较4种保护性耕作(秸秆覆盖SM、免耕NT、免耕+秸秆覆盖NM和深松SN)与传统耕作CK下东北春玉米农田土壤温度和土壤含水量的差异,并探讨不同因素对其影响程度。结果表明:保护性耕作对生长季内的玉米农田有增湿降温的效应,土壤含水量提升5.93%和土壤温度降低2.93%;土壤含水量增加效应由大到小依次为SM>NM>SN>NT;土壤温度在SM、NT下显著降温,NM、SN显著增温,但NM增温幅度仅为0.006%。保护性耕作下土壤含水量和土壤温度在各亚组间均无显著性差异;部分亚组内土壤含水量有显著性差异,显著性依次为:土壤质地>土层深度>生育期>年均气温>年降雨量>秸秆覆盖量,土壤温度仅在秸秆覆盖量亚组内有显著性差异。此外,覆盖(3000,6000]kg/hm^(2)秸秆时,蓄水保墒效果最佳。综上,在年均气温[0,10]℃的东北春玉米可种植区实施4种保护性耕作均有显著的增湿降温效应。Conservation tillage is an important measure to reduce soil erosion in farmland.In order to explore the reasonable promotion of conservation tillage in spring maize farmland under the limitation of water and heat in Northeast China,based on 2705 pairs of data collected from 44 published literatures,meta-analysis was performed to compare the differences in soil water content and temperature in the spring maize farmland under four conservation tillages(straw mulching(SM),no-tillage(NT),no-tillage+straw mulching(NM)and subsoiling(SN))with traditional tillage CK.The effects of different influencing factors in Northeast China were analyzed.The results showed that:conservation tillage had humidification and cooling effect on the maize farmland in the growing season.Soil water content was increased by 5.93%and soil temperature was decreased by 2.93%.The increasing effects of the soil water content of four treatments in descending order was SM>NM>SN>NT.The soil temperature decreased significantly under SM and NT.However,the temperature of NM and SN increased significantly,and the temperature increase range of NM was only 0.006%.Meta-analysis of subgroups showed that:There was no difference in soil water content and soil temperature among subgroups under conservation tillage.There were significant differences in soil water content in some subgroups intragroup,and the order of significance were:soil texture>soil depth>growth period>average annual temperature>annual rainfall>straw mulching amount.A significant difference in soil temperature was only found in the subgroup of straw mulching amount.In addition,under(3000,6000]kg/hm^(2)straw covering conditions,the effect of water storage and water content conservation was the best.In conclusion,the implementation of four conservation tillages in the spring maize planting area with an average annual temperature of 0-10℃has significant indigenous humidification and cooling effects in Northeast China.

关 键 词：META分析 玉米生育期 土壤温度 土壤含水量 

分 类 号：S16[农业科学—农业气象学]