疏勒河中下游土地荒漠化敏感性评估  

Desertification sensitivity assessment in the middle and lower reaches of the Shule River Basin

作　　者：吴盈盈 王振亭 Wu Yingying;Wang Zhenting(Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Research Station of Gobi Desert Ecology and Environment,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院戈壁荒漠生态与环境野外科学观测研究站,甘肃兰州730000 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2022年第4期163-171,共9页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFA0608404);国家自然科学基金项目(U21A2001,41971011)。

摘　　要：土地荒漠化是疏勒河流域面临的关键环境问题,加强该区域的荒漠化敏感性评估对有效控制荒漠化至关重要。通过集成多源GIS与遥感数据,构建土壤、植被、气候和管理定量评估指标,利用地中海荒漠化与土地利用模型(MEDALUS)计算环境敏感性指数,识别荒漠化敏感区,在此基础上分析荒漠化敏感性的成因,并引入变异系数法确定荒漠化敏感性的主要影响因素。结果表明:目前疏勒河中下游荒漠化态势严峻,17.70%的区域属于极高敏感区,54.34%属于较高敏感区。荒漠化敏感性的空间格局是中部高、北部低,主要由与人类活动有关的管理质量指数决定。从绿洲内至绿洲外荒漠化敏感性逐渐升高,大致呈层状分布,表明人类活动对荒漠化影响显著,建议加强和巩固绿洲外围的防护体系建设。Land desertification is one of the most serious environmental problems in the Shule River Basin,and its assessment is of great importance to effectively control desertification.This paper aims to calculate environmental sensitivity index based on MEDALUS model by integrating multi-source GIS and remote sensing data.MEDALUS model takes into account four quantitative evaluation indexes of soil,vegetation,climate and management to identify desertification sensitive areas.Upon which,the causes of desertification sensitivity are analyzed.The main influencing factors of desertification sensitivity are determined by coefficient of variation method.The results show that the desertification situation in the middle and lower reaches of the Shule River Basin is severe,17.70%of the total study area belongs to the extreme sensitivity zone,54.34%belongs to the high sensitivity zone.The desertification sensitivity is higher in the central parts of study area,lower in the north,which is mainly controlled by management quality index related to human activities.The desertification sensitivity is gradually increased from the inside to the outside of the oasis,and the distribution is roughly layered,indicating that human activities have a significant impact on desertification.It is necessary to strengthen and consolidate the construction of the oasis edge protection system.

关 键 词：荒漠化敏感性 MEDALUS模型 变异系数法 疏勒河中下游 

分 类 号：P931.3[天文地球—自然地理学] TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]