计及用户决策不确定性与调频备用需求的空调负荷聚合策略  

An Aggregation Strategy of Air Conditioning Loads Considering Uncertainty of Customer Behavior and Frequency Regulation Demand

作　　者：胡江溢 郑涛 金玉龙 陈康 徐俊俊 HU Jiangyi;ZHENG Tao;JIN Yulong;CHEN Kang;XU Junjun(NARI Group Corporation/State Grid Electric Power Research Institute,Nanjing 211106,Jiangsu Province,China;College of Automation&College of Artificial Intelligence,Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Nanjing 210023,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]南瑞集团有限公司(国网电力科学研究院有限公司),江苏省南京市211106 [2]南京邮电大学自动化学院/人工智能学院,江苏省南京市210023

出　　处：《电网技术》2022年第9期3534-3542,共9页Power System Technology

基　　金：国电南瑞科技股份有限公司科技项目(524608200194)。

摘　　要：用户侧海量空调负荷资源可灵活参与电力系统频率调节服务,但调频效果易受用户行为决策不确定性影响。基于对传统聚合策略及其参与系统调频方案剖析,文章设计了面向用户决策不确定性及调频备用需求的空调负荷聚合框架。首先通过对系统一、二次调频特性分析,建立典型空调负荷动态响应模型,并给出考虑空调负荷动态响应的电力系统频率误差量化与计算方法;其次,提出基于风险规避多臂机理论的海量空调负荷聚合策略,通过引入组合在线学习思想学习用户的用电习惯,有效降低用户行为决策不确定性给调频带来的影响。仿真结果与对比分析标明,所提空调负荷聚合策略在综合考虑用户自主选择参与或退出等不确定扰动下,具备更优的参与系统调频能力。Air conditioning load can be used to provide frequency regulation ancillary service in the system because of their flexibility,but there are challenges of the uncertainty of customer behavior during the usage.In this paper,a novel aggregation framework for air conditioning loads was designed for frequency regulation,under the consideration of the uncertainty of customer behaviors,based on the analysis of the traditional aggregation strategy and the frequency regulation.A typical air conditioning loads dynamic response model was established by analyzing characteristics of primary and secondary frequency regulation,and the frequency error quantification and calculation method of the power system considering the air conditioning load dynamic response was given.Then a new strategy for robust aggregation of air conditioning resources based on risk-averse multi-armed bandit theory was proposed.By introducing combined online learning ideas,the subjectivity and randomness of customer behaviors were accurately described,effectively reduced the uncertainty of customer behaviors and frequency of adjustment influence.Simulation results and comparative analysis verified that the air conditioning loads aggregation strategy could participate in system frequency regulation better,under the comprehensive consideration of uncertain disturbances such as customers’ choice to join in or exit.

关 键 词：空调负荷 需求侧响应 调频服务 负荷聚合 风险规避多臂机理论 

分 类 号：TM721[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]