噪声与高温联合作用对劳动者心血管系统的影响  

Synergistic effects of noise and high temperature on cardiovascular system of workers

作　　者：蒋斌杰[1] 朱素娟 JIANG Bin-jie;ZHU Su-juan(Wujin Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changzhou 213164,Jiangsu Province,China;Wei′an Outpatient Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Wujin District,Changzhou 213164,Jiangsu Province,China.)

机构地区：[1]常州市武进区疾病预防控制中心,江苏常州213164 [2]常州市武进区卫安中西医结合门诊部,江苏常州213164

出　　处：《职业卫生与病伤》2022年第4期199-201,207,共4页Occupational Health and Damage

摘　　要：目的探讨噪声和高温对人体心血管系统的协同作用,为制定科学防控措施提供依据。方法选取常州市武进区某体检中心2021年全年检查的单纯接触高温的劳动者471人和同时接触高温噪声的劳动者826人为暴露组,选取8月份检查的不接触职业危害因素的劳动者670为对照组,分析比较各组高血压及异常心电图检出率,应用R软件进行统计学分析,采用χ^(2)检验进行率的比较,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果对照组、暴露A组和暴露B组高血压检出率分别为18.1%、35.0%和40.4%;异常心电图检出率分别为12.1%、27.8%和37.8%。高血压及异常心电图检出率均是高温噪声组最高,高温组其次,对照组最低,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。3组高血压检出率与劳动者性别、年龄均有统计学差异(P均<0.05),异常心电图检率仅与暴露组劳动者工龄有统计学差异(P=0.003,P<0.001)。结论高温和噪声对人体心血管系统的影响具有协同作用,值得相关部门重视。Objective To explore the synergistic effects of noise and high temperature on human cardiovascular system,and to provide reference for formulating scientific prevention and control measures.Methods A total of 471 workers only exposed to high temperature and 826 workers exposed to both high temperature and noise from a physical examination center in Wujin District of Changzhou City in 2021 were selected as the exposed group.And 670 workers examined in August who were not exposed to occupational hazards were selected as the control group.The detection rates of hypertension and abnormal electrocardiogram(ECG)of each group were analyzed and compared.R software was used for statistical analysis.Chi-square test was used to compare the rates.P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results The detection rates of hypertension in control group,exposed group A and exposed group B were 18.1%,35.0%and 40.4%,respectively;the detection rates of abnormal ECG were 12.1%,27.8%and 37.8%,respectively.The detection rates of hypertension and abnormal ECG were the highest in the high-temperature noise group,the second in the high temperature group and the lowest in the control group.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in detection rates of hypertension of different genders and ages of workers in three groups(P<0.05).And there was statistically significant difference in the detection rate of abnormal ECG of different lengths of service of exposed group(P=0.003,P<0.001).Conclusions High temperature and noise have a synergistic effect on human cardiovascular system,which deserves the attention of relevant departments.

关 键 词：高温 噪声 高血压 异常心电图 心血管系统 

分 类 号：R131[医药卫生—劳动卫生]