成都市15~40岁居民吸烟危害感知与戒烟行为分析  

Analysis of smoking hazard perception and smoking cessation behavior among residents aged 15 to 40 in Chengdu

作　　者：王蕊 刘熹[1] 张晓燕[1] 朱姗姗 WANG Rui;LIU Xi;ZHANG Xiao-yan;ZHU Shan-shan(Department of Health Education,Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China;Department of Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Education,Pidu Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 611370,Sichuan Province,China.)

机构地区：[1]成都市疾病预防控制中心健康教育科,成都610041 [2]成都市郫都区疾病预防控制中心慢性病防制与健康教育科,成都611370

出　　处：《职业卫生与病伤》2022年第4期229-233,共5页Occupational Health and Damage

摘　　要：目的了解成都市15~40岁居民对烟草危害感知与戒烟行为,为成都市控烟工作提供有利依据。方法按照多阶段分层随机抽样方法,于2021年在成都市选取调查的15~40岁居民开展烟草监测,采用SPSS 22.0软件进行吸烟率、烟草危害感知率分析,检验水准α=0.05。结果成都市15~40岁调查人数为1794人,居民吸烟率为21.91%,男性(44.81%)高于女性(2.67%)(P<0.001),吸烟者在烟草危害感知大部分方面均高于非吸烟者;393名吸烟者中,仅3.82%准备在1个月内戒烟,10.94%表示考虑在12个月内戒烟,30.28%表示会戒烟,但不在12个月内,还有54.96%表示不想戒烟。当采用患病者、肺部阴影等更直观的图片作为健康警示时,49.36%的人会考虑戒烟,其中56.70%的人是曾经从未戒过烟的人;另外现在吸烟者中仍有21.88%的人表示不知道会不会考虑,戒过烟的人群和从未戒过烟的人群差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=21.58,P<0.001)。结论成都市15~40岁居民对周边烟草危害感知力较低,人群吸烟危害感知水平有待提高,吸烟者的戒烟态度消极,需进一步强化“任何时候戒烟都不算晚”的意识,继续推广戒烟门诊的使用,使越来越多的机构和人群认识到烟草的危害,从而重视和支持烟草控制工作。Objective To understand the perception of tobacco harms and smoking cessation behavior of residents aged 15 to 40 in Chengdu,and to provide evidence for tobacco control in Chengdu.Methods Residents aged 15 to 40 in Chengdu were selected through the multi-stage stratified random sampling method to carry out tobacco monitoring in 2021.SPSS 22.0 software was used to analyze the smoking rate and perception rate of tobacco harm,and the test level wasα=0.05.Results There were 1794 people aged 15 to 40 in Chengdu were enrolled,and the smoking rate was 21.91%.The smoking rate of males(44.81%)was higher than that of females(2.67%)(P<0.001).Smokers had higher perception of tobacco hazards than non-smokers in most aspects.Of the 393 smokers,only 3.82%planned to quit smoking within one month,10.94%considered quitting smoking within 12 months,30.28%said they would quit,but not within 12 months,and 54.96%said they did not want to quit.When more visual images of patients,lung shadows and so on were taken as health warnings,49.36%would consider quitting,of which 56.70%were those who had never quit smoking.In addition,21.88%of current smokers said they did not know whether to consider.The difference was statistically significant between those who had ever quit smoking and those who had never quit smoking(χ^(2)=21.58,P<0.001).Conclusions The level of cognition of smoking harms among residents aged 15-40 in Chengdu was low.People's perception of the harm of smoking needs to be improved.Smokers are negative about quitting.The awareness that it's never too late to quit smoking needs to be further reinforced and smoking cessation clinics should continue to be promoted,to make more and more institutions and people recognize the harm of tobacco and value and support tobacco control efforts.

关 键 词：吸烟 危害感知 戒烟行为 

分 类 号：R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]