2015-2020年苏州地区呼吸道感染住院患儿肺炎支原体流行病学特征  

Epidemiological Characteristics of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae in Hospitalized Children with Respiratory Tract Infection in Suzhou from 2015 to 2020

作　　者：张新星[1] 顾文婧[1] 郝创利[1] 季伟[1] 王宇清[1] 何燕玉 董贺婷 陆燕红[1] 武敏 陈正荣[1] Zhang Xinxing;Gu Wenjing;Hao Chuangli;Ji Wei;Wang Yuqing;He Yanyu;Dong Heting;Lu Yanhong;WuMin;Chen Zhengrong(Children’s Hospital of Soochow University,Jiangsu Suzhou 215003,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学附属儿童医院,江苏苏州215003

出　　处：《儿科药学杂志》2022年第9期29-33,共5页Journal of Pediatric Pharmacy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目,编号81900012、81901620;江苏省重点研发计划(社会发展)项目,编号BE2019671;姑苏卫生人才培养项目,编号GSWS2020045;苏州市应用基础研究(医疗卫生)项目,编号SYSD2019115。

摘　　要：目的:探讨江苏苏州地区呼吸道感染住院患儿肺炎支原体(MP)流行病学特征,为临床合理诊治MP感染提供参考。方法:收集2015-2020年苏州大学附属儿童医院12401例呼吸道感染住院患儿的痰标本,采用荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(PCR)法检测MP-DNA,酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测血清特异性MP抗体IgM,并分析MP检出情况。结果:12401例住院患儿中,MP检出率30.76%(3814/12401),其中女性患儿MP检出率高于男性(χ^(2)=72.585,P<0.01)。<6个月、≥6个月~1岁、>1~3岁、>3~7岁、>7岁患儿MP检出率分别为8.72%、20.89%、34.57%、48.98%、65.21%,MP检出率随年龄增长逐渐升高(χ^(2)=1883.359,P<0.01)。春夏秋冬MP检出率分别为26.61%、32.85%、35.98%、27.02%,夏秋季MP检出率高于冬春季(χ^(2)=92.064,P<0.01)。2015-2020年,2016年夏季为MP检出率最高季节(52.89%),2020年冬季为MP检出率最低季节(15.79%)。苏州地区2016年MP检出率45.06%为近6年来最高,2020年22.42%为最低。结论:苏州地区住院患儿呼吸道MP感染处于较高水平,随年龄增长MP检出率逐渐升高,夏秋季为MP感染高发季,新发呼吸道传染病可能对传统呼吸道病原体流行有一定影响。Objective:To probe into the epidemiological characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)in hospitalized children with respiratory tract infection in Suzhou,Jiangsu,and provide reference for the rational diagnosis and treatment of MP infection.Methods:Sputum specimens of 12,401 cases of hospitalized children with respiratory tract infection from 2015 to 2020 in Children’s Hospital of Soochow University were collected.MP-DNA was detected by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR).Serum specific MP antibody IgM was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and the detection of MP was analyzed.Results:Among the 12,401 hospitalized children,the detection rate of MP was 30.76%(3,814/12,401),and the detection rate of MP in female children was higher than that in male children(χ^(2)=72.585,P<0.01).The detection rates of MP were respectively 8.72%,20.89%,34.57%,48.98%and 65.21%in children<6 months,≥6 months to 1 year old,>1 to 3 years old,>3 to 7 years old,and>7 years old,MP detection rate increased with age(χ^(2)=1,883.359,P<0.01).The detection rate of MP in spring,summer,autumn and winter were respectively 26.61%,32.85%,35.98%and 27.02%.The detection rate of MP in summer and autumn was higher than that in winter and spring(χ^(2)=92.064,P<0.01).From 2015 to 2020,the summer of 2016 was the season with the highest detection rate of MP(52.89%),and the winter of 2020 was the season with the lowest detection rate of MP(15.79%).The detection rate of MP in Suzhou in 2016 was 45.06%,which was the highest in the past 6 years,and the lowest in 2020 at 22.42%.Conclusion:Respiratory tract MP infection in hospitalized children in Suzhou is at a high level,and the detection rate of MP gradually increases with age.Summer and autumn are the peak seasons of MP infection.New respiratory infectious diseases may have a certain impact on the prevalence of traditional respiratory pathogens.

关 键 词：肺炎支原体 呼吸道感染 流行病学 住院患儿 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]