人工智能——推动植物研究发展的新动力  

Artificial intelligence:advancing plant research beyond the state of the art

作　　者：周济 陈佳玮 沈利言 戴杰 闻桢杰 孙港 周洁 丁国辉 丁艳锋 ZHOU Ji;CHEN Jiawei;SEHN Liyan;DAI Jie;WEN Zhenjie;SUN Gang;ZHOU Jie;DING Guohui;DING Yanfeng(Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies/Plant Phenomics Research Center,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;National Institute of Agricultural Botany(NIAB)/Cambridge Crop Research,Cambridge,CB30LE,The United Kingdom;College of Agriculture/Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production Co-sponsored by Province and Ministry,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学前沿交叉研究院/作物表型组学交叉研究中心,江苏南京210095 [2]英国国立农业植物研究所/剑桥作物研究中心,英国剑桥CB30LE [3]南京农业大学农学院/江苏省现代作物生产协同创新中心/现代作物生产省部共建协同创新中心,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2022年第5期1060-1071,共12页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(JCQY201902);国家自然科学基金项目(32070400)。

摘　　要：从20世纪40年代至今,人工智能(artificial Intelligence,AI)及其相关智能系统的发展经历了多次起伏,在过去20年对AI的应用开始步入快速发展的阶段。本文首先介绍了AI发展简史,包括其理论形成、基础算法、分类定义和发展趋势。然后,针对流行的AI开发框架和技术算法及其在植物研究各领域中的应用进行了概述,例如基因挖掘和分子育种、病虫害检测预防、作物栽培和农业生产等。为发挥AI技术对生物大数据的解析优势,本文着重讨论了AI的创新应用并展示了笔者所在的中国和英国联合实验室与此相关的部分最新研究进展,以期为AI技术在中国植物研究中的推广抛砖引玉、集思广益。Since the 1940s,artificial intelligence(AI)and its related research and development(R&D)have experienced several waves of ups and downs.Nevertheless,in the past two decades,AI-related applications have entered a rapid development phase.Here,we first introduced a brief history of AI and its past and present research activities,including theoretical advances,essential algorithms,research techniques,and recent development trends.Then,we presented some popular AI development frameworks and algorithms together with their applications in a spectrum of plant research areas such as molecular breeding and gene discovery,pests and diseases detection,agronomic services,and agricultural production.To derive the maximum benefits of AI in big data-driven biological research,we also discussed a range of innovative use cases of AI-driven plant research activities,as well as some latest AI-related developments in the author’s China-UK laboratory.As an old Chinese saying goes,“casting a brick and attracting jade”,we hope this review article could stimulate constructive comments and discussions on this trendy topic,which are likely to be beneficial for Chinese plant researchers and their ongoing and future work.

关 键 词：人工智能 AI发展史 AI技术应用 植物研究 表型组学 智能性状解析 

分 类 号：TP18[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程]