胎盘输血技术发展现状  

Current research status of placental transfusion

作　　者：悦光 卢江溢 周小凤 王倩颖 巨容 Guang Yue;Jiangyi Lu;Xiaofeng Zhou;Qianying Wang;Rong Ju(Department of Neonatology,Chengdu Women′s and Children′s Central Hospital,School of Medicine,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 611731,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]电子科技大学医学院附属妇女儿童医院·成都市妇女儿童中心医院新生儿科,成都611731

出　　处：《中华妇幼临床医学杂志（电子版）》2022年第4期393-399,共7页Chinese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics(Electronic Edition)

基　　金：四川省卫生健康委员会应用普及项目(18PJ046)。

摘　　要：胎盘输血对新生儿的益处已得到广泛证实,既可以补充新生儿血容量,改善生后早期脏器灌注,有利于胎儿血循环向新生儿血循环过渡,也可以减少输血治疗需求,促进新生儿出生时建立适应的生理机制和功能,降低新生儿颅内出血(ICH)、坏死性小肠结肠炎、支气管肺发育不良等并发症发生率。同时,还可增加新生儿血清铁储备,改善神经系统疾病新生儿远期预后,降低新生儿死亡率。本文涉及的胎盘输血措施主要包括新生儿分娩时采取延迟脐带结扎(DCC)和脐带挤压(UCM)。根据世界卫生组织等权威机构推荐,对多数有活力足月新生儿和早产儿应采取DCC措施,达到胎盘输血的目的。笔者拟对胎盘输血的:①生理学基础;②对新生儿影响;③当前对其研究的重点方向等最新研究现状进行阐述。The multiple benefits of placental transfusion for neonates have been widely confirmed.This procedure can replenish blood volume,improve organ perfusion in the early postnatal stage,facilitate the transition from fetal to neonatal circulation.Placental transfusion can reduce the demand for blood transfusion,promote the physiological mechanism and function of neonatal adaptation at birth,and the onset of intracranial hemorrhage(ICH),necrotizing enterocolitis,bronchopulmonary dysplasia and other complications.It can also improve serum iron reserve and long-term prognosis of central nervous system,and reduce infant mortality.Placental transfusion in this article consists of delayed cord clamping(DCC)and umbilical cord milking(UCM).Routine use of DCC at birth for most vigorous term or preterm infants is recommended by World Health Organization.The author intends to expound on physiological basis of placental transfusion,effects of placental transfusion on neonates,and key directions of current research of placental transfusion.

关 键 词：胎盘输血 延迟脐带结扎 脐带挤压 立即结扎脐带 婴儿 新生 

分 类 号：R722.1[医药卫生—儿科]