何以众志成城?——慈善组织联合抗疫行动模式研究  

How to be United as A One——A Study on the Mode of Collective Action of NPOs Against COVID-19

作　　者：李健[1] 徐彩云 Li Jian;Xu Caiyun(School of Management,Minzu University of China)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学管理学院,北京100081

出　　处：《中国行政管理》2022年第8期128-136,共9页Chinese Public Administration

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“慈善事业作为第三次分配机制的法治保障研究”(编号:20&ZD184);中央民族大学“铸牢中华民族共同体意识”研究专项资助;中央民族大学博士研究生自主科研项目“疫情防控中的慈善组织网络联动机制研究”(编号:NZKY2021004)。

摘　　要：在突发公共危机事件中,慈善组织通常采取联合行动的方式予以应对,但既有研究对这种联合行动的内部结构和互动机制缺乏关注。为探究不同合作网络的联动模式,本文使用类型学研究方法从关系强度和结构自主性两个维度,将慈善组织联合行动模式划分为“伞型治理型”、“去中心合作型”、“网络式协同型”和“科层管理型”四种类型,并结合案例进行了实证分析。研究发现:(1)四种模式的慈善组织联合行动都取得了成功,揭示了联动模式的多元性;(2)强联结下的联合行动易于形成集中化网络,表现出高度协作,集体行动更易达成;弱联结下的联合行动则形成集成化网络,借助网络较高的对外延展性建立跨界合作网络;(3)无论哪种联动模式,“互补机制”是慈善组织联合行动得以成功的关键,包括集权与分权的平衡和治理理念的互补。In the event of public crisis,charitable organizations usually prefer to take joint action to deal with it.However,the existing studies pay little attention to the internal structure and interaction mechanism of such joint action.To explore the linkage patterns of different cooperative networks,the paper uses a typological approach to classify them into four types:“umbrella governance”,“decentralized cooperation”,“network-based collaboration”,and“hierarchical management”,based on the strength of ties and structural autonomy.This paper carries on the empirical analysis with cases.The results show that:(1)all four models of collective action of NPOs have achieved success,revealing the multiplicity of the management model of collective action;(2)collective actions under strong ties tend to form concentrated network that show high degree of collaboration and make collective action easier to achieve,while actions under weak ties form integrated networks,and cross-border cooperation networks are established through the higher externality of the network;(3)regardless of the management mode,“complementary mechanisms”are the key to the success of collective actions of NPOs,including the balance between centralization and decentralization and complementary governance concepts.

关 键 词：突发公共危机 慈善组织 联合行动 关系强度 结构自主性 

分 类 号：D035[政治法律—政治学]